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10% sulfuric acid and potassium dichromate.
For cast iron and cast steel –
solution no. 1
(hydrochloric acid is 80 ml,
water is 60 ml,
cupric chloride is 2.9 grams
and alcohol are 50 ml)
Solution no. 2 (15% nitric acid)
For wrought iron and forged iron –
– glycerin is 30 ml, nitric acid is 10 ml, and hydrofluoric acid is 20 ml.
For aluminum
– 3 parts glacial acetic acid and one-part water.
For lead
– dilute sulfuric acid or 10% hydrochloric acid in alcohol.
For stainless steel
ferric chloride – 19 grams, hydrochloric acid – 6 ml, and water – 100 ml.
For copper, brass, silver and other copper alloy –
– 10% hydrochloric acid.
For tin
– 10% sodium hydroxide.
For zinc
concentrated nitric acid.
For silver
aqua regia (3 parts hydrochloric acid and one-part nitric acid)
For gold and platinum
– subject to a jet of steam.
For wood