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FORENSIC CHEM > chap 5 to 8 > Flashcards

chap 5 to 8 Flashcards

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1
Q

one of the oldest forms of physical evidence

A

Hair Examination

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2
Q

older than fingerprints.

A

Hair Examination

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3
Q

It is valuable because the hair of each kind of animal is different and distinct for all others

A

Hair Examination

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4
Q

Hair Examination first used as physical evidence.

A

1847

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5
Q

Rudolph Virchow become the first person to do an in-depth study of hair.

A

1897

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6
Q

Hugo Marx wrote a paper on the use of hair in forensic investigation to determine identity.

A

1906

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7
Q

Dr. Paul Kirk works on new ways to improve the use of hair in forensic investigations.

A

1931

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8
Q

is easily transferred to and from the crime scene.

A

Hair Evidence

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9
Q

Collection should be done by:

A

•Hand if the location of the hair is important
•Lint rollers
•Special filtered vacuum cleaner

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10
Q

If the evidence is stick to another object, the __________should be packaged and labeled.

A

Entire object

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11
Q

If lint rollers are used, the entire surface used should be packed into a ___________.

A

polyethylene storage bag

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12
Q

Hair evidence should be packaged into _____________.

A

paper packets

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13
Q

The hairs should be placed in a _________ or in a white mailing envelope, but the corners of the envelope should be sealed with _________.

A

Folded paper
Scotch tape

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14
Q

Best way to collect hair is by________

A

Combing

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15
Q

This refers to a specialized ephitilial outgrowth of the skin which occur everywhere on the human body except on the palm of the hands and the sole of the feet.

A

Hair

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16
Q

Hair is not completely round but may be _____or __________.

A

Oval
Flattened

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17
Q

Two kinds of hair

A

Real hair
Fuzz hair

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18
Q

This refers generally to long and stiff hair

A

Real hair

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19
Q

This refers generally to short, fine at times curly and wooly hair.

A

Fuzz hair

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20
Q

Parts of the Hair

A

Root
Shart
Tip

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21
Q

This refers to portion of embedded in the skin

A

Root

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22
Q

This refers to portion above the surface of the skin

A

Shaft

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23
Q

It is the most distinctive part of the hair.

A

Shaft

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24
Q

This refers to distal end of an uncut hair shaft

A

Tip

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25
Q

Parts of the shaft

A

Cuticle
Cortex
Medulla or Core

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26
Q

This refers to the outermost covering of the hair.

A

Cuticle

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27
Q

is consists of one layer of non – nucleated polygonal cells which overlaps like the ____________

A

Scales on fish

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28
Q

This refers to the intermediate and the thickest layer of the shaft and is compose of elongated, spindle shaped fibrils which cohere.

A

Cortex

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29
Q

This refers to the central canal of the hair that may be empty or may contain various sorts of cells more or less pigmented and begins more or less near the root.

A

Medulla or Core

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30
Q

Shape of the cortex

A

Spindle shaped

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31
Q

One straight back line

A

Continous

32
Q

More medulla than empty space

A

Interrupted

33
Q

More empty space than medulla

A

Fragmented

34
Q

Black, no color visible

A

Solid

35
Q

type of medulla where the cortex and medulla is unidentified

A

Solid

36
Q

Type of medulla where medulla is cannot be seen but the cuticle and cortex is seen

A

None/ Absent

37
Q

Determination of characteristics by race

A

Negroid race hair
Mongoloid race hair
Caucasian race hair

38
Q

Hair is usually kinky with marked variation in the diameter along the shaft

A

Negroid race hair

39
Q

Hair contains dense pigment distributed more evenly than Negroid race hair.

A

Mongoloid race hair

40
Q
  1. Hair contains very fine to coarse pigment and more evenly distributed than is found in Negro or Mongolian.
A

Caucasian race hair

41
Q

Cross section of the hair will be round to oval in shape.

A

Mongoloid race hair

42
Q

Cross section will be oval to round in shape

A

Caucasian race hair

43
Q

Usually contains a heavy black medulla or core.

A

Mongoloid race hair

44
Q

Usually straight or wavy and not kinky

A

caucasian race hair

45
Q

Hair is coarse and straight with very little variation in diameter along the shaft of the hair.

A

Mongoloid race hair

46
Q

Silica symbol

A

SiO2

47
Q

Soda symbol

A

NA²O

48
Q

Lime symbol

A

CaO

49
Q

base of commercial glass

A

Silica

50
Q

acts as flux for silica

A

Soda

51
Q

present as impurity or substitute for CaO

A

Magnesis

52
Q

gives the glass greater chemical durabilitylower coefficient of expansion, and greater freedom from devitrification

A

Alumina

53
Q

for chemical durability and resistance to devitrification

A

Potash

54
Q

•Identification of questioned hair
•Comparison of questioned and known hair

A

Light microscopy

55
Q

Link the suspect to a crime scene. Control hairs match that of the suspect. Exclude the suspect from a crime scene, meaning that a control hair does not match the evidential hair.

A

Comparison microscope

56
Q

Determine the species, race, and somatic origin of a hair

A

Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM)

57
Q

to test and determine whether a drug was used.

A

Drug test

58
Q

Magnesis symbol

A

MgO

59
Q

Potash symbol

A

KO

60
Q

a strong mark produced by pressure that goes below the surface. A stamp, form or figure resulting from physical contact. It causes damage to object.

A

Impression

61
Q

weak mark made by pressure that stays on the surface.

A

Imprint

62
Q

a faithful reproduction of an impression with the use of casting materials

A

Moulage

63
Q

any material which can be changed from a plastic or liquid state to the solid condition.

A

Casting material

64
Q

For foot impression and tire impression, _____________ is the best casting material.

A

Plaster of Paris

65
Q

add one half teaspoonful of table salt to the plaster.

A

Hastening

66
Q

used for small impressions as tooth impression, tool impression.

A

wood’s metal

67
Q

like plasticine and dental composition. Used for small impression. Dental composition is the best casting material for making the cast of tool marks

A

Plastic Material

68
Q

distorts when remove from the impression since plastic and never did and does not flow to the very interstices of the impressions.

A

Drawback

69
Q

– used for human body as cast of hand or face. It is rubbery gelatinous consisting material consisting of colloidal magnesium soap. It is rubbery

A

Negocoll

70
Q

– brown substance used for backing and strengthening the hominid.

A

Celerit

71
Q

– produced by a single application of the tool in one area of contact. Example is the impression of a single blow of a hammer.

A

Compression Marks

72
Q

– these are series of scratches or striations produced by pushing a tool across the surface such as those produced cutters, axe and jimmy.

A

Friction Marks

73
Q

– the art of extracting and working on metals by the application of chemical and physical knowledge

A

Metallurgy

74
Q

– branch of metallurgy that involves the study of the microstructures of metals and alloys. All metals are composed of minute grains or crystals, under the naked eye and when viewed from a distance a metal appears to be homogeneous but when viewed under a metallography microscope the crystal structure is visible. These crystals of the metal are tightly packed.

A

Metallography

75
Q

– coins made in molds.

A

Cast coins

76
Q

– coins made in molds.

A

Cast coins

77
Q

– coins made by striking or stamping method.

A

Struck coins

FORENSIC CHEM (3 decks)

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