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Dermatology > Key Points and Buzzwords > Flashcards

Key Points and Buzzwords Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What is this a histology image of?

What other feature would be seen on histology which cannot be seen here (a feature of the epidermis)?

A

Viral warts

Papillomatosis

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2
Q

What is this a histology section of?

A

Psoriasis

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3
Q

What is this a histology section of?

A

Bullous pemphigoid

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4
Q

What is this a histology section of?

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

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5
Q

A build up of what occurs in PCT type 1?

A

Uroporphyrinogen III

(because there is no uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase)

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6
Q

What could be the cause for a child crying when in direct sunlight?

A

Erythropoietic protoporphyria

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7
Q

What is there a build up of in erythropoietic protoporphyria?

What enzyme is deficient?

A

Photoporphyrin IX

Ferrochelatase

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8
Q

Abdo pain, painful urination, psychiatric signs, fast pulse, high BP are symptoms suggesting which porphyria?

What is there a build up of?

A

Acute intermittent porphyria

Porphyrobilinogen

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9
Q

Onycholysis [nail detachment], blistering of sun exposed skin, hyperpigmentation, hypertrichosis [abnormal body hair growth]) are symtoms suggestive of which type of porphyria?

A

PCT Type 1

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10
Q

Painful photosensitivity, burning/itching sensation are suggestive of which type of porphyria?

A

Erythropoietic protoporphyria

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11
Q

What is the first line treatment for acne rosacea?

A

Topical metronidazole

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12
Q

What is the first line treatment for acne vulgaris?

A

Topical benzyl peroxide

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13
Q

How is psoriasis diagnosed?

A

Clinical diagnosis +/- biopsy

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14
Q

What is the first line treatment for psoriasis?

A

Topical corticosteroid

Topical vitamin D3 analogue

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15
Q

Thyroid disease and malignancy can cause what type of itch?

A

Neurogenic

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16
Q

How are autoimmune blistering diseases e.g. pemphigus diagnosed?

A

Biopsy with immunofluorescence

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17
Q

What group of drugs can commonly precipitate TEN?

A

Antibiotics

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18
Q

Most likely cause of itchy red and dry hands during surgical block of a student with atopic eczema?

A

Allergic contact dermatitis - type IV reaction

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19
Q

What cell is responsible for vitamin D metabolism?

A

Keratinocytes

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20
Q

Stuck on appearance

A

Seborrhoeic keratosis

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21
Q

Picket fence pearly border/translucent, slow growing lump or non-healing ulcer

A

BCC

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22
Q

Chronic UV exposure/hyperkeratotic (crusted) lump or ulcer

A

SCC

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23
Q

red, scaly patch – old womens leg

A

Bowen’s disease

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24
Q

Genetic skin condition – dry and flaky skin – very high risk of skin cancer at young age

A

Xeroderma pigmentosum

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25
Q

Type of UV exposure in Scotland

A

UVA

26
Q

Most damaging form of UV radiation

A

UVB

27
Q

Name some phototoxic drugs

A

Variconazole (anti-fungal)

Thiazides

NSAIDs

Anti-TNF

Azathioprine

28
Q

What type of naevi shows inflammatory regression?

A

Halo naevi

29
Q

What disease is associated with dermatitis herpetiformis?

A

Coeliac

30
Q

What diseases can be associated with erythema nodosum?

A

Most commonly sarcoidosis

TB

IBD

31
Q

Erythematous bullseye lesion

A

Erythema migrans (Lyme disease)

32
Q

Ash leaf spots/shagreen patches/childhood seizures/fibromas/bone cysts

A

Tuberus sclerosis

33
Q

Honey coloured crust

What does this describe and what can cause it?

A

Impetigo

Staph Aureus or GAS

34
Q

Cafe au lait macules

A

Neurofibromatosis type 1/2

35
Q

Silver scales, extensor surfaces

A

Psoriasis

36
Q

Small, umbilicated, translucent papules that look fluid-filled but are solid

A

Molluscum contagiosum

37
Q

Flaccid blisters than can be burst easily to form erythematous erosions

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

38
Q

associated with acantholysis

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

39
Q

Large tense bullae that are itchy and cannot be burst

A

Bullous pemphigoid

40
Q

Heliotrope rash and scaly knuckles

These patients are at increased risk of what?

A

Dermatomyositis

Malignancy

41
Q

Fish scale skin

A

Ichthyosis

42
Q

Filaggrin gene/commonest monogenic skin disorder/most common form of ichthyosis

A

Ichthyosis vulgaris

43
Q

Velvety thickened lesions in axillae

A

Acanthosis nigricans

44
Q

Target lesion

A

Erythema multiforme

45
Q

Epidermal necrosis with minimal inflammation/life-threatening exfoliative mucocutaneous diseases

A

SJS

TEN

46
Q

Monomorphic punched out lesions

A

Eczema herpeticum

47
Q

Deep infection along fascial planes/severe pain

A

Necrotising fasciitis

48
Q

Koebners phenomenon

A

New lesions of psoriasis that form at sites of trauma

49
Q

Gene mutation in atopic eczema

A

Filaggrin

50
Q

Small widespread(salmon pink/red) lesions 2-3 weeks after a strep throat infection

A

Guttate psoriasis

51
Q

Crusting of the skin in patient with eczema

A

Staph aureus infection

52
Q

Eczema on the hands and feet causing tiny blisters and irritation

A

Pomphylex eczema

53
Q

Leg ulcer found around malleolus –medial/lateral –shallow edges ‘like a beach’

A

Venous ulcer

54
Q

Leg ulcer found around areas of high pressure

A

Arterial ulcer

55
Q
A
56
Q

Where do dermatophytes live?

A

Keratinised sites (hair, nails, skin)

57
Q

Which dermatophye infection must be treated with systemic drugs?

A

Tinea capitus

58
Q

History of pruritus which is worse at night and after hot showers. Erythematous, pimple like papules with linear tracks

A

Scabies

59
Q

What is epidermolysis bullosa?

A

Breakdown of anchoring between the epidermis and dermis

60
Q

Cauliflower appearance

A

Plantar warts

61
Q

Kaposi’s sarcoma

A

HIV, immunosuppressed (transplant)

Dermatology (15 decks)

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