Key Points and Buzzwords Flashcards
What is this a histology image of?
What other feature would be seen on histology which cannot be seen here (a feature of the epidermis)?
Viral warts
Papillomatosis
What is this a histology section of?
Psoriasis
What is this a histology section of?
Bullous pemphigoid
What is this a histology section of?
Pemphigus vulgaris
A build up of what occurs in PCT type 1?
Uroporphyrinogen III
(because there is no uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase)
What could be the cause for a child crying when in direct sunlight?
Erythropoietic protoporphyria
What is there a build up of in erythropoietic protoporphyria?
What enzyme is deficient?
Photoporphyrin IX
Ferrochelatase
Abdo pain, painful urination, psychiatric signs, fast pulse, high BP are symptoms suggesting which porphyria?
What is there a build up of?
Acute intermittent porphyria
Porphyrobilinogen
Onycholysis [nail detachment], blistering of sun exposed skin, hyperpigmentation, hypertrichosis [abnormal body hair growth]) are symtoms suggestive of which type of porphyria?
PCT Type 1
Painful photosensitivity, burning/itching sensation are suggestive of which type of porphyria?
Erythropoietic protoporphyria
What is the first line treatment for acne rosacea?
Topical metronidazole
What is the first line treatment for acne vulgaris?
Topical benzyl peroxide
How is psoriasis diagnosed?
Clinical diagnosis +/- biopsy
What is the first line treatment for psoriasis?
Topical corticosteroid
Topical vitamin D3 analogue
Thyroid disease and malignancy can cause what type of itch?
Neurogenic
How are autoimmune blistering diseases e.g. pemphigus diagnosed?
Biopsy with immunofluorescence
What group of drugs can commonly precipitate TEN?
Antibiotics
Most likely cause of itchy red and dry hands during surgical block of a student with atopic eczema?
Allergic contact dermatitis - type IV reaction
What cell is responsible for vitamin D metabolism?
Keratinocytes
Stuck on appearance
Seborrhoeic keratosis
Picket fence pearly border/translucent, slow growing lump or non-healing ulcer
BCC
Chronic UV exposure/hyperkeratotic (crusted) lump or ulcer
SCC
red, scaly patch – old womens leg
Bowen’s disease
Genetic skin condition – dry and flaky skin – very high risk of skin cancer at young age
Xeroderma pigmentosum
Type of UV exposure in Scotland
UVA
Most damaging form of UV radiation
UVB
Name some phototoxic drugs
Variconazole (anti-fungal)
Thiazides
NSAIDs
Anti-TNF
Azathioprine
What type of naevi shows inflammatory regression?
Halo naevi
What disease is associated with dermatitis herpetiformis?
Coeliac
What diseases can be associated with erythema nodosum?
Most commonly sarcoidosis
TB
IBD
Erythematous bullseye lesion
Erythema migrans (Lyme disease)
Ash leaf spots/shagreen patches/childhood seizures/fibromas/bone cysts
Tuberus sclerosis
Honey coloured crust
What does this describe and what can cause it?
Impetigo
Staph Aureus or GAS
Cafe au lait macules
Neurofibromatosis type 1/2
Silver scales, extensor surfaces
Psoriasis
Small, umbilicated, translucent papules that look fluid-filled but are solid
Molluscum contagiosum
Flaccid blisters than can be burst easily to form erythematous erosions
Pemphigus vulgaris
associated with acantholysis
Pemphigus vulgaris
Large tense bullae that are itchy and cannot be burst
Bullous pemphigoid
Heliotrope rash and scaly knuckles
These patients are at increased risk of what?
Dermatomyositis
Malignancy
Fish scale skin
Ichthyosis
Filaggrin gene/commonest monogenic skin disorder/most common form of ichthyosis
Ichthyosis vulgaris
Velvety thickened lesions in axillae
Acanthosis nigricans
Target lesion
Erythema multiforme
Epidermal necrosis with minimal inflammation/life-threatening exfoliative mucocutaneous diseases
SJS
TEN
Monomorphic punched out lesions
Eczema herpeticum
Deep infection along fascial planes/severe pain
Necrotising fasciitis
Koebners phenomenon
New lesions of psoriasis that form at sites of trauma
Gene mutation in atopic eczema
Filaggrin
Small widespread(salmon pink/red) lesions 2-3 weeks after a strep throat infection
Guttate psoriasis
Crusting of the skin in patient with eczema
Staph aureus infection
Eczema on the hands and feet causing tiny blisters and irritation
Pomphylex eczema
Leg ulcer found around malleolus –medial/lateral –shallow edges ‘like a beach’
Venous ulcer
Leg ulcer found around areas of high pressure
Arterial ulcer
Where do dermatophytes live?
Keratinised sites (hair, nails, skin)
Which dermatophye infection must be treated with systemic drugs?
Tinea capitus
History of pruritus which is worse at night and after hot showers. Erythematous, pimple like papules with linear tracks
Scabies
What is epidermolysis bullosa?
Breakdown of anchoring between the epidermis and dermis
Cauliflower appearance
Plantar warts
Kaposi’s sarcoma
HIV, immunosuppressed (transplant)
