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Dermatology > Dermatitis/Eczema > Flashcards

Dermatitis/Eczema Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What are some features of acute phase eczema?

A

Papulovesicular, red erythematous rash, oedema, ooze, scaling, crusting

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2
Q

What are some features of chronic eczema?

A

Lichenification (thickening), elevated plaques, increased scaling

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3
Q

What are the 4 main features of an eczema rash?

A

Itchy, ill-defined, erythematous, scaly

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4
Q

What is the main histological feature of eczema?

A

Spongiosis

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5
Q

What is the pathogenesis of contact allergic dermatitis?

A

Delayed type IV reaction

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6
Q

What is the pathogenesis of contact irritant dermatitis?

A

Trauma

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7
Q

What is the pathogenesis of atopic eczema?

A

Genetic and environmental factors resulting in inflammation

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8
Q

Drug related dermatitis can be what types of reaction?

A

Type I or IV

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9
Q

What is the pathogenesis of photosensitive eczema?

A

Reaction to UV light

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10
Q

What is the pathogenesis of lichen simplex eczema?

A

Physical trauma to the skin through scratching

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11
Q

What is the pathogenesis of stasis eczema?

A

Physical trauma to the skin through hydrostatic pressure

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12
Q

Will contact allergic dermatitis have an effect the first time an individual is exposed to the antigen?

A

No, it will occur on subsequent antigen exposure

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13
Q

How are substances causing contact allergic dermatitis identified?

A

Patch testing

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14
Q

Describe contact irritant dermatitis?

A

Non-specific physical irritation rather than a specific allergic reaction

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15
Q

What is nappy rash?

A

A contact irritant dermatitis to urine

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16
Q

Which type of eczema is most likely to have occupational implications?

A

Contact irritant

17
Q

Itch is a major feature of atopic eczema. What are some consequences that this can have?

A

Can cause sleep disturbance which can cause neurocognitive impairment

18
Q

Along with itch, what are some other features of atopic eczema?

A

Ill-defined erythema, scaling and generalised dry skin

19
Q

What is the distribution of atopic eczema?

A

Flexural

20
Q

What other diseases is atopic eczema also associated with?

A

Other atopic diseases such as allergic rhinitis (hay fever), asthma and food allergies

21
Q

What are some chronic changes of atopic eczema?

A

Lichenification, excoriation, secondary infection

22
Q

Crusting of atopic eczema can often indicate what?

A

Staph aureus infection

23
Q

Where will atopic eczema be seen in infants?

A

Cheeks and extensor surfaces

24
Q

What is eczema herpeticum? What does it look like?

A

An infection in atopic eczema caused by HSV. Monomorphic punched out lesions.

25
Q

What is the UK diagnostic criteria for eczema?

A

Itch, plus 3 or more of the following: visible flexural rash, history of a flexural rash, personal history of atopy (or family history if < 4), general dry skin, onset < 2 years

26
Q

What is the first line therapy for atopic eczema?

A

Emollients and avoidance of triggers

27
Q

What is the 2nd line therapy for atopic eczema?

A

Topical steroid

28
Q

What are some more severe treatment options for atopic eczema?

A

Phototherapy (UVB), immunosuppressants

29
Q

What is the main gene implicated in atopic eczema?

A

Filaggrin

30
Q

What is discoid eczema?

A

Patches of eczema which form in circles

31
Q

What is a common clinical sign of photosensitive eczema?

A

Cut off at the collar

32
Q

How may stasis eczema appear?

A

With prominent veins

33
Q

What is pompholyx eczema?

A

Spongiotic vesicles on the hands

34
Q

What is seborrhoea dermatitis?

A

A light rash on a baby’s head

35
Q

If topical steroids are not used as 2nd line therapy for atopic eczema, what is another option?

A

Calineurin inhibitor

36
Q

What management should occur if there is eczema herpeticum?

A

Hospitalisation (IV acyclovir)

37
Q

If there is infection of eczema, what would be the first line antibiotic? How would this be given?

A

Flucloxacillin (topical if localised, oral if extensive)

Dermatology (15 decks)

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