Key Highlights from Cardio Lecture Flashcards
Common valve issues come from which valve of the heart? and what is a s/s?
Most are mitral valve (left side of the heart) and the s/s is pulmonary edema
Which cells and lab values are affected to indicate parasites are present?
Eosinophils
CBC lab value = 1 - 3%
What are modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease?
Hypertension
Smoking
Obesity
Sedentary lifestyle
Diabetes
Elevated serum lipid level (cholesterol/ triglycerides)
What are nonmodifiable risk factors?
Hereditary
Age
Gender
Where can you hear the heart the best? (point of max impulse {PMI})
Aortic area
Pulmonic area
Erbs point
Tricuspid area
Mitral area
(All People Eat Three Meals)
Where do you listen to hear the aortic area?
Aortic valve - inside the aorta as is arises from the left ventricle
Where do you listen to hear the pulmonic area?
Pulmonic valve - inside the pulmonary artery as it arises from the right ventricle (2nd intercostal space)
Where do you listen to hear erbs point?
3rd intercostal space
Where do you listen to hear the tricuspid area?
Tricuspid valve - between the right atrium and ventricle
Where do you listen to hear the mitral area or apical area?
Mitral valve - between the left atrium and ventricle
What is JVD and how do you assess for it?
Jugular Venous Distension: Inspect the jugular veins for pulse and distension. Listen for a bruit and feel for a thrill.
What does JVD tell you?
Right-sided heart failure and venous pressure
How do you help a pt with JVD?
15 - 45 angle of the bed (semi-fowlers position)
A nurse is caring for a client with dehydration. Which of the following signs is observed in a client with dehydration?
Decreased skin turgor over the sternum
Decreased BP
Low urine output
Increased respiratory rate
What are the lab values for CK (creatine kinase)
Men = 50 - 170 units/L
Women = 25 - 140 units/L
