Key Events Details - Post war

Question 1

What were the Newcastle propositions?

Answer 1

• Propostitions drawn up by Presbytarian parliament
• Charles would accept Presbytarianism in England for 3 years
• Parliament was to control the milita for 20 years (essentially how much longer Charles was expected to live)
• 58 Royalists would be punished but the rest pardoned
• Charles did not accept, he was delaying in the hope that politcal instability would result in Parlaiment calling him back to be King

Question 2

What was the Scottish proposition of December 1646?

Answer 2

• Scotland would support the King and his decendants in thier monarchial role
• Scotland would support the Kings right to be King of England
• The king had to subscribe to the covenant and 19 propositions
• They made it clear that if he did not agree he was no longer welcome in Scotland and they would not aid him if he was deposed in England

Question 3

What were the terms of Charles hand over to the English?

Answer 3

• Payment of £400,000
• Half before the handover, half afterwards

Question 4

What were the intial terms of the first attempted disbandmant

Answer 4

• Some units to be sent to Ireland
• The rest disbanded

Question 5

What were the main points in the “Humble petition of the Officers and Soldiers of the army”

Answer 5

• Soldiers pay to be brought upto date before disbandment
• Provisions to be made for the orphans, widowed and war-mained
• Indemnity for acts illegal acts committed in wartime
• Volunteer troops to be able to refuse deployment outside England

Question 6

What were the key points of the Declaration of Dislike?

Answer 6

• Labelled the petitioners: “Enemies of the state, disturbers of the peace”
• Created a fault line between the presbytarian parliament and army
• Parliament then voted to appoint only Presbyterian generals to lead troops in Ireland
• Ordered a purge of Independants from the London trained bands

Question 7

What was the significance of the Agitators?

Answer 7

• Representatives elected by the soldiers to ensure the needs of the general soldiers were met
• Represented a grass-roots democratic movement
• By the end of April a majority of officers were in support of the Agitators, shown by the endorsement of the petition “Vindication of the officers in the army”

Question 8

What was Parliaments reponse to the “Vindication… “

Answer 8

• To prevent disorder they ordered Cromwell, Ireton and 2 other soldier MP’s to communicate thier intention to settle pay and pass an indemnity act

Question 9

What were the conditions of Charles’ agreement

Answer 9

• Accepted a third draft of the Newcastle proposals
• 3 year presbytarian settlement
• 10 year parliamentary control of the milita
• Prospect of renewed negotions gave Politcal prebytarians the confidence to crack down on the NMA

Question 10

What was the background to and impact of the disbandment of the army?

Answer 10

• Background of politcal instablily; agitators demanded the impeachment of 11 Presbytarian MP’s who were viewed to be the masterminds of the Declaration of dislike
• Presbytarians and the City of London considered raising an army against the NMA
• Parliament voted to disband the army with 8 weeks arrears
• Catalysed the army into a political force
• Within 4 days Fairfax ordered a general rodevous at Newmarket

Question 11

What was the background to and significance of the seizure of the King?

Answer 11

• Agitator Edward Sexby the king was on the verge of making a deal with the Presbytarians in Parliament
• Cornet Joyce led a troop of soldiers to take the King from Holdenby Hall to Newmarket

Question 12

Describe the situation in London following the rondevous of the army on the 4th June

Answer 12

• Disorder on a daily basis
• Mobs of soldiers virtually besieged Westminster
• Fairfax marched slowly to London
• A vote on June 8 to take the grevences of the army seriously was rejected by one vote
• Instead a motion to disband the army, seize the King and raise a city cavalry regiment was passed
• Dispite repealing the declalation of dislike and passing an indemnity act, relations between army and parliament reached a new low

Question 13

What were the main points of the representation of the army?

Answer 13

• A purge of Parliament
• Future Parliaments of Fixed duration
• Guarenteed right of the people to petition Parliament
• Freedom of Worship

Question 14

What were the Key points of the heads of the Proposals

Answer 14

• Biennial Parliaments - no more than 2 years between the dissolution of one parliament and recall of the next
• Electoral reform
• Parliamentary control over navy and militia for 10 years
• Parliamentary appointment of great officers of state for 10 years
• A religious settlement with a national church inc. Bishops that also legalising independant congregations and freedom of worship
• Act of oblivion providing indemnity for everyone bar 7 named royalists
  This was considerably more moderate than the newcastle propositions, Ireton and Charles spent a long evening deliberating

Question 15

What happened when Parliament was invaded by a Mob?

Answer 15

• Terrorised the Lords into reinstating the London Milita Comittee
• Forced the commons to invite the King back to London
• Once they left; both speakers, 8 peers and 57 independent MP’s fled