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Metabolism > Key enzymes in lipid metabolism > Flashcards

Key enzymes in lipid metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

Location of acetyl CoA carboxylase

A

In the liver ONLY

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2
Q

Activator of acetyl CoA carboxylase

A

Citrate

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3
Q

Inhibitor of acetyl CoA carboxylase

A

Long chain fatty acyl-CoA and AMP

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4
Q

Hormonal activator of acetyl CoA carboxylase

A

Insulin

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5
Q

Hormonal inactivator of acetyl CoA carboxylase

A

Glucagon and epinephrine

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6
Q

Induces enzyme synthesis of acetyl CoA carboxylase

A

Fat-free diet; high carb diet

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7
Q

Represses enzyme synthesis of acetyl CoA carboxylase

A

High fat diet, fasting, glucagon and epinephrine

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8
Q

What factor is needed in fatty synthesis?

A

Biotin

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9
Q

What compound does fatty acid synthesis create, and what significance does this play?

A

Malonyl coA, the only repressor of CPT-1

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10
Q

Location of carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1

A

Liver

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11
Q

Inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1

A

Malonyl CoA - always active UNLESS this compound is present

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12
Q

Location of HSTL

A

Adipose tissue

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13
Q

What does HSTL stand for?

A

Hormone sensitive triacylglycerol lipase

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14
Q

Hormonal activator of HSTL

A

Epinephrine and ACTH

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15
Q

Hormonal inactivator of HSTL

A

PGE and insulin

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16
Q

Reaction catalyzed by HSTL

A

TAG degradation

17
Q

Location of HMG-CoA synthase

A

Liver mitochondria

18
Q

Reaction catalyzed by HMG-CoA synthase

A

Acetyl CoA from ketone bodies

19
Q

Location of acetoacetate:succinyl-CoA transferase

A

Not the liver

20
Q

Reaction catalyzed by acetoacetate:succinyl-CoA transferase

A

Ketone metabolism

21
Q

Location of HMG-CoA reductase

22
Q

Inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase

A

Cholesterol, AMP, mevalonate

23
Q

Hormonal activator of HMG-CoA reductase

24
Q

Hormonal inactivator of HMG-CoA reductase

25
Q

Reaction catalyzed by HMG-CoA reductase

A

Cholesterol synthesis

26
Q

Pharmaceutical inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase

A

Statin drugs; efficacy is dependent on the number of LDL receptors on the liver

27
Q

Location of 7-alpha-reductase

28
Q

Activator of 7-alpha-reductase

A

Cholesterol

29
Q

Reaction catalyzed by 7-alpha-reductase

A

Bile acid synthesis

30
Q

Activator of ACAT

A

Cholesterol

31
Q

Reaction catalyzed by ACAT

A

Cholesterol esterification

32
Q

Location of lipoprotein lipase

A

Endothelium

33
Q

Reaction catalyzed by lipoprotein lipase

A

Fatty acid removal from lipoprotein TAGs

34
Q

Activator of lipoprotein lipase

Metabolism (21 decks)

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