Key Concepts Flashcards
What are enzymes?
Biological catalysts that control reactions in the body
What are enzymes made of?
Amino acids
What is a substrate?
Substance broken down by an enzyme
What are mitochondria?
Tiny structures where respiration takes place
What are ribosomes?
Where proteins are made
What is the nucleus?
Large structure where the genes are stored that control activities of the cell
What does a cell membrane do?
Controls what enters and leaves the cell
What does a vacuole do?
Contains sap and helps with cell structure
What is the equation for magnification?
Image size / actual size
What is the symbol for micrometres?
μm
What is the symbol for nanometres?
nm
How does the concentration of the substrate affect the rate of reaction?
The more concentrated the substrate is the faster the rate of reaction becomes
What is the optimum temperature of enzymes?
37.5 degrees
What is the optimum pH of enzymes?
It depends on where in the body the enzymes are working, for example the enzymes in the stomach have an optimum temperature of around 2
What is the name of the the product of two different substrate molecules?
Product molecule