KETAMINE

Question 1

Class

Answer 1

Phenocyclidine derivative

Question 2

Mechanism of Action

Answer 2

Works on various receptors including NMDA receptor

Question 3

Dose: Induction, Sedation, Rapid Sequence Intubation, Anagesia

Answer 3

Induction: 0.5 - 2 mg / kg IV

Sedation: 0.5 - 1 mg/kg over 1 to 2 min

Rapid Sequence Intubation: 1 - 2 mg / kg over 1 min

Analgesia 0.25 mg/ kg Max 20 mg

Question 4

Onset

Answer 4

Within one arm-brain circulation time (approx 20 sec)

Question 5

Duration

Answer 5

10-15 min after single induction

Full orientation after 15 - 30 min

Question 6

Elimination

Answer 6

Redistribution from CNS

Hepatic metabolism

Renal Excretion

Question 7

CNS Effects

Answer 7

Dissociative Anesthesia

Analgesia

Increases cerebral metabolic rate and intracranial pressure

Vivid dreams, excitement with emergence

Question 8

CVS Effects

Answer 8

Increases sympathetic outflow:

Increased heart rate

Increased blood pressure

Increased cardiac output

Question 9

Respiratory Effects

Answer 9

Increased airway secretions

Cough and swallow maintained

Bronchodilatory

Question 10

Contraindications

Answer 10

Raised Intracranial Pressure

Coronary Ischemia

Psychiatric disease

Eye surgery