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CPR M2T1E4 > Katz - Respiratory Tract Imaging > Flashcards

Katz - Respiratory Tract Imaging Flashcards

1
Q

Identify

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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2
Q

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A

Staphylococcus aureus

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3
Q

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A

Klebsiella Pneumonia

Bulging fissure sign

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4
Q

Identify

A

Aspiration pneumonia

When recumbent (alcoholic) aspiration usually occurs into the superior segments of the lower lobes or the posterior segment of the upper lobes.

Right side is more often effected.

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5
Q

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A

Interstitial pneumonia

Viral pneumonia - Mycoplasms pneumoniae and Pneumocystic jiroveci (PCP - old name)

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6
Q

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A

Mycoplasma Pneumonia

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7
Q

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A

Cavitary pneumonia

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Reactivation tuberculosis

Cavities in upper lobes, thin walled and no air-fluid level

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8
Q

Identify

A

Ghon lesion

Calcified tuberculous granuloma

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9
Q

Identify

A

Ranke complex

When associated with a calcified ipsilateral hilar node

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10
Q

Identify

A

Pneumothorax

Air enters the pleural space

Lung collapses

thin white line outlined by air on both sides

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11
Q

Identify

A

Upper Lobe Bullous emphysema

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12
Q

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A

Scapula

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13
Q

Identify

A

Tension pneumothorax

Loss of air into the pleural space

May cause a shift of the heart and mediastinal structures away from the side of the pneumothorax

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14
Q

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A

Right pneumothorax

Causes: spontaneous - rupture from bleb

Traumatic

Diseases that stiffen the lung

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15
Q

Identify

A

Spontaneous pneumothorax

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16
Q

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A

RDS Pneumothorax

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

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17
Q

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A

Trauma pneumothorax

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18
Q

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A

Pneumomediastinum

Newborn

Presence of extraluminal gas within the mediastinum

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19
Q

Identify

A

Pneumopericardium

Adults - penetrating injury or surgery

Pediatrics - not related to penetrating injury; genetic

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20
Q

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A

Subcutaneous Emphysema

Air expands into the soft tissue of the neck, chest and abdominal walls.

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21
Q

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A

Pneumomediastinum with subcutaneous emphysema

Retrosternal chest pain and Hx of bronchial asthma

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22
Q

Identify

Which lobe?

A

Adenocarcinoma

LUL?

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23
Q

Distinguish between a nodule and a mass.

A

Nodule is usually less than 3 cm while a mass is greater than 3 cm.

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24
Q

Identify

A

Granuloma

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25
Q

Identify

A

Cavitary Bronchogenic carcinoma

Squamous cell CA

(84 year old with chronic cough)

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26
Q

Identify

A

Adenocarcinoma

Usually peripheral location

Includes bronchoalveolar cell carcinoma

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27
Q

Identify

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Usually central location

28
Q

Identify

A

Small Cell Carcinoma

Usually central location (like Squamous)

29
Q

Identify

A

Pancoast Tumor

Horner Syndrome

Meiosis

Ptosis

Anhydrosis

30
Q

Identify

A

Adenocarcinoma of the lung with mets

Hilar lymphadenopathy

31
Q

Identify

A

Large right pleural effusion

Malignant effusion

32
Q

Identify

A

Metastatic Neoplasm of the lung

Lymphangitic spread

Unilateral

33
Q

Identify

A

Metastatic Neoplasms of the Lung

Hematogenous

Multiple nodules

Traveled through the bloodstream from distant primary site

Ex) Colorectal, renal, breast

34
Q

Identify

A

Anterior Compartment (note how anterior curves up)

Middle Compartment

Posterior Compartment

35
Q

Identify

A

Substernal Thyroid Mass

Only one that displaces the trachea

36
Q

Identify

A

Lymphoma

Multiple lobulated masses

May be in other compartments

37
Q

Identify

A

Thymoma

Associated with Myasthenia Gravis

38
Q

Identify

A

Teratoma

Contains fat, cartilage and possibly bone on CT

39
Q

Identify

A

Middle mediastinal lymphadenopathy

Contains the heart, the origins of the great vessels, trachea, and main bronchi

Most common mass in this compartment

Middle Mediastinal Masses

40
Q

Identify

A

Neurofibroma

Tumors of Neural origin

Posterior Mediastinal Mass

41
Q

Identify

A

Lung Abscess

Thick cavity wall

Smooth inner margin

Air Fluid level

42
Q

Identify

A

Normal Endotracheal Tubes

Tip should be 3-5 cm above carina

Between clavicles and carin

Carina at T4

Balloon should never extend tracheal walls

43
Q

Where is the most common misplacement for an endotracheal tube?

A

Right mainstem bronchus

Leads to atelectasis

Can damage vocal chords or cause aspiration

44
Q

Identify

A

Overinflated cuff on an Endotracheal Tube

Balloon should never distend walls

45
Q

Identify

A

High endotracheal tube

Tip should be 3-5 cm above carina

Between clavicles and carina

Carina at T4

46
Q

Identify

A

Tracheostomy

Tip half-way between stoma and carina

T3

Not affected by flexion or extension

2/3 width of trachea

Long term : tracheal stenosis

47
Q

Identify

A

Normal Central Venous Catheter

Tip should be in SVC (malpositioned in RA or Int Jug)

Subclavian joins brachiocephalic vein behind edial end of clavicle

Catheter should reach this point before descending

Catheter should descend lateral to spine

48
Q

Identify

A

Central Venous Catheter

Internal jugular malplacement

49
Q

Identify

A

Central Venous Catheter

Complication: Arterial placement

  • suggested by pulsatile flow
50
Q

Identify

A

PICC line

Right Atrial Malplacement

Should be in SVC

51
Q

Identify

A

Pulmonary Artery Catheter

Swan-Ganz catheter

Same appearance of central venous lines but longer

2cm from hilum

Aid in differentiating cardiac from non-cardiac pulmonary edema

52
Q

Identify

A

Abnormal Position of Swan-Ganz

Tip too peripheral toward the right pulmonary artery

Should lie within 2 cm of hilar shadow

53
Q

Identify

A

Pleural drainage tubes

Anterosuperior for pneumothorax

Posteriorinferior for effusion

*None of the sideholes should lie outside the thoracic wall*

54
Q

Identify

A

Abnormal Pleural drainage tube

Side hole outside thoracic wall

55
Q

Identify

A

Correctly positioned pacemaker

Tip positioned at apex of right ventricle

Should have gentle curves

56
Q

Identify

A

Fractured pacemaker lead

57
Q

Identify

A

Nasogastric tube

Should extend into the stomach and be at least 10 cm into the EG junctions

58
Q

Identify

A

Feeding tube

  • should lie in region of duodenal bulb

Ideally in duodenum

59
Q

Where is the desired position of the ETT?

A

Tip 3-5 cm from carina

60
Q

Where is the desired position of the Tracheostomy tube tip?

A

Half way between stoma and carina

61
Q

Where is the desired position of the central venous catheter?

A

Tip in SVC

62
Q

Where is the desired position of the PICC line?

A

Tip in SVC

63
Q

Where is the desired position of the Swan-Ganz catheter?

A

Tip in proximal R or L pulmonary artery

64
Q

Where is the desired position of the Pleural drainage tube?

A

Anterosuperior for PTX

Posteriorinferior for effusion

65
Q

Where is the desired position of the Pacemaker?

A

Tip at apex of r ventricle

66
Q

Where is the desired position of the NG?

A

Tip in stomach

CPR M2T1E4 (15 decks)

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