Kaplan Ch 4: The Nervous System

Question 1

oligodendrocytes

Answer 1

produce myelin in the CNS

Question 2

Schwann cells

Answer 2

produce myelin in the PNS

Question 3

astrocytes

Answer 3

nourish neurons and form the blood brain barrier

Question 4

ependymal cells

Answer 4

line the ventricles of the brain and produce CSF

Question 5

microglia

Answer 5

phagocytic cells that ingest and break down waste products and pathogens in the CNS

Question 6

equilibrium potential of K

Answer 6

-90mV

Question 7

K leak channels leak K (in or out) of the neuron

Answer 7

out, giving the neuron a net - charge inside

Question 8

Na leak channels leak Na (in or out) of the neuron

Answer 8

in, allowing the neuron to depolarize

Question 9

equilibrium potential of Na

Answer 9

+60mV

Question 10

Na/K pumps

Answer 10

used to maintain the gradient of Na and K in the neuron. Pumps Na out of the cell and K back in. 3 Na, 2 K

Question 11

temporal summation

Answer 11

multiple signals being summed together because they happened so close together

Question 12

spatial summation

Answer 12

summation based on signals from different locations being received at the axon hillock at the same time

Question 13

autonomic nervous system is responsible for control of

Answer 13

involuntary muscles associated with internal organs and glands (heartbeat, respiration, digestion, and glandular secretions, regulate body temp,

Question 14

NT of the parasympathetic NS

Answer 14

acetylcholine, broken down by acetylcholinesterase. Used by pre and post ganglionic nerves

Question 15

NT of the sympathetic NS

Answer 15

acetylcholine in the pre-ganglionic neuron, norepinephrine in the post-ganglionic neuron

Question 16

threshold for AP

Answer 16

-50mV