kapitel 38 (Tobias) - Tissues of the Muculoskeletal System

Question 1

Describe the general composition of cortical bone

Answer 1

• Longitudinal oriented Haversian units (Osteons) made up by
  - Central Haversian Canal (vertical)
  - Surrounded by contrentrically arranged bone
  lammelae
  - Connecting Volkmanns canals (Vertical)
• Blod vessels within Haversian and Volksmanns canals
• Osteocytes in lacunae

Question 2

What are the major basic cell types in bones (Termed “The basic multicellular unit”)?

Answer 2

Osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts

Question 3

What is the definition of a “tendon”?

Answer 3

Dense bands of collagen-rich fibers that connect muscle to bone or that form connections between muscles

Question 4

What is the function of a tendon?

Answer 4

Primarily to transfer the force of muscular contraction to the skeleton

Question 5

What are Entheses?

Answer 5

Specialized regions of a tendon or ligament at sites of insertion or attachment to bone

Question 6

What is the difference between a healthy enthesis and an enthesis formed after surgical reattachment of a tendon to a bone?

Answer 6

Surgical reattachment of tendons or ligaments to bone after avulsion or laceration usually results in the formation of a uniformly fibrous enthesis, which may not adequately resist higher levels of complex loading

Question 7

What is a ligament and what is the basic function?

Answer 7

Connective tissue bands that attach to bones. Ligaments typically span a joint, where they contribute to joint stability and constrain joint motion