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k Flashcards

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Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

ions

A

an atom or group of atoms that have a positive or negative charge which are formed by the loss or gain of an atom.

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2
Q

Acid and metal reactions produce

A

Hydrogen gas and a salt

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3
Q

4 types of chemical reactions that can take place

A

1) Acid + Metal > Hydrogen gas + Salt
2) Acid + hydroxide base>Water + Salt
3) Acid + carbonate base > Water + Salt + Carbon Dioxide
4) Acid + hydrogen carbonate > Water + Salt + Carbon Dioxide

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4
Q

acid + metal carbonate reaction equation

A

Acid + Metal Carbonate >Salt + Carbon Dioxide + Hydrogen

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5
Q

Combustion reaction chemical equation

A

Fuel+Oxygen>carbon dioxide+water

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6
Q

Combustion

A

a reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen gas, releasing energy in the form of light and heat

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7
Q

Complete combustion

A

when all the oxygen in reactions are used up

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8
Q

Why are fuels combustion reactions

A

they have enough oxygen to make carbon dioxide.

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9
Q

combustion reaction equation

A

fuel + oxygen 🡪 carbon dioxide + water

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10
Q

Incomplete combustion

A

When the air supply is limited, carbon monoxide can be produced instead of
carbon dioxide.

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10
Q

Incomplete combustion equation

A

Fuel + limited oxygen 🡪 carbon monoxide+carbon+water

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11
Q

How is carbon released in an incomplete combustion reaction

A

as a soot(black powder)

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11
Q

hydrocarbon

A

type of compound that combust extremely well.

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12
Q

hydrocarbon examples

A

Coal, petrol, natural gas

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13
Q

how are exothermic reactions related to combustion reactions

A

both reactions release heat

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14
Q

why do some fires produce smoke

A

when there is an incomplete combustion(not enough oxygen to burn the fuel completely)

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15
Q

example of complete combustion

A

Burning candle wax

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16
Q

example of an incomplete combustion

A

burning paper

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17
Q

corrosive

A

ability for a substance to destroy materials every material it comes in contact with,

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18
Q

concentration

A

measure of the amount pf hydrogen ions in an acid or hydroxide ions in a base

19
Q

why is respiration an exothermic reaction

A

the process of glucose being broken down results in a release of energy.

20
Q

how to be certain 100% that a chemical reaction has taken place

A

a new substance has appeared

21
Q

when does a chemcialr eaction take place

A

when the bonds between atoms are broken and new bonds are formed.

22
Q

Some chemical reactions require the supply of energy to get them started. Identify two forms of energy that can be the sources of this energy.

A

heat or light

22
Q

NaCl

A

sodim chloride

23
Q

KF

A

potassium flurorine

24
Q

BeO

A

Beryllium oxide

25
Q

Q4. Is respiration an endothermic or exothermic reaction, why?

A

the process of glucose being broken down results in a release of energy.

26
Q

Q4. Is respiration an endothermic or exothermic reaction, why?

A

the process of glucose being broken down results in a release of energy.

27
Q

MgI 2

A

Magnesium Iodide

28
Q

FeN

A

Iron Nitride

29
Q

FeN

A

Iron Nitride

30
Q

AlP

A

Aluminium Phosphide

31
Q

Explain what colour red litmus paper changes in the presence of acids, bases and neutral substances.

A

red litmus paper turns blue in the presence of a base, red in acids and red in neutral substances

32
Q

Give three everyday examples of neutralisation reactions.

A

indigestion, soil treatment and treatment of ant and bee bites

33
Q

chemical formula for Lithium floride

A

LiF

34
Q

chemical formula formagnieusm chlride

A

MgCl

35
Q

respiration equation

A

oxygen+glucos>carbon dioxide + water

36
Q

respiration equation

A

oxygen+glucos>carbon dioxide + water

37
Q

what colourdoes red litmus paper turn in the presence of acids, base and neutral substacnes

A

turns blue in the presence of a base, red in acids and red n neutral substances

38
Q

what colourdoes blue litmus paper turn in the presence of acids, base and neutral substacnes

A

turns red in the presence of a base, blue n acids and blue in neutral substances

39
Q

what elemtn has electorn configration of 2, 8,1

A

sodium

40
Q

what has the electron configration of 2,1

A

lithium

41
Q

what has the elctron configuration of 2,8,8,2

A

calcium

42
Q

how does antigen and antibody compelx work

A

molecule that is formed by the bonding of multiple antigens to antibodies

43
Q

where are B and T cells produced

A

bone marrow and in the thymus

44
Q

what number and charge is sodium,lithium and calcium likely to form

A

sodium-1 positive cation
lithium-1 positive cation
calcium- 2 positive cations

44
Q

when is a cation formed and an anion

A

cation formed when an atom loses an electron
anion formed when an electron is added toatom

45
Q

state whether the reaction between sodium hydrogen carbonate and ethanoic is an exo or endothermic reaction and why.

A

endothermicreaction because there is a temperature decrease. In thischemical change, heat was absorbed which meant the surrounding cooler.

chemical reactions (7 decks)

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