Ions Flashcards
why are atoms electrically neutral
they have
equal number of protons and electrons.
how does an atom become an ion
If an electron is removed or added to the last shell
what is the last shell of an electron
valence shell
Why do atoms become ions
Atoms become ions because they become more stable when the last electron shell is full according to the octet rule.
Cations
positively charged ions.
when do cations form
when an electron is lost from the last shell of the atom
Anions
Anions are negatively charged ions.
when do anions form
when an electron is added to the valance shell
What kind of atoms lose electrons in cations
Atoms with 1, 2 or 3 electrons in their valence shell
What kind of atoms gain electrons in anions
Atoms with 5,6 or 7 electrons in their valence shell
Types of ions
cations
anions
where do all anions come from
non metals
what happens when cations and anions come together
they make compounds of
large crystal lattices called salts/ionic compounds
examples of ionic compoudns
sodium chloride
potassium oxide
magnesium chloride
how to name ionic compounds
-write the name of the cation and anion but change the end of the anion to ‘ide’
eg. chlorine-chloride
