Jung and Analytic Psychology Flashcards
How did Jung view libido?
a general life force used not just in sex or aggression
Jung believed in the principle of equivalence, what is that?
when you sue energy for one thing you take it away from something else
What was Jung’s general vision
didn’t see life as a struggle (like Freud), saw our path as one of unification and balance – more positive view of human nature
Define the collective unconcious
Shared by all humans yet inaccessible to anyone.
- Full of archetypes
Define Archetype
o Instinctive tendencies to think and act in certain ways
- They remain unconscious and we know them only as their projections in our lives – every instinct comes with their own set of libidinal energy
How did Jung name archetypes?
after their projections – so archetype “mother” is not an image of her it is our interpretations that we project onto our mother
How did Yung view the Ego?
- Consciousness
* Ego is present but empty at birth
How does Yung define the personal unconscious
- Unique to the individual
- The storage area for experiences that never made it to consciousness (too weak) or have been removed from consciousness (things we don’t want or need to be aware of)
- There is a hierarchy – experiences are organized around archetypes to form complexes
Define complex
Ideas, images, experiences that came from the ego get organized around archetypal energy –
o Memories that relate to the blobs of archetypal energy will encircle it forming complexes
- There is not a complex for every archetype
- Complexes energize overt behaviour
What are the 5 vital archetypes?
- Persona
- Anima
- Animus
- The shadow
- The self
Describe the persona (as a complex and an archtype)
the social self that we show to other people
Archetype: our instinct for social conformity; the desire to please others
Complex: contains those parts of our personality that we expose to others because we believe they will be socially acceptable.
Are we aware of our persona?
Yes, but it some cases we believe our persona is who we are and we become it
Describe the anima (as an archetype and a complex)
- posessed only by male’s. conscious= maleness, unconcious = femaleness
ARCHETYPE: A male’s image of femaleness; his feminine instincts – shared by all men
COMPLEX: All aspects of a male’s personality considered contrasexual – things men reject from consciousness because they are female, unique to every male
*and the doorway to the creativity of his unconscious mind.
How do we project our persona?
• We project the persona into dream symbolism and stories/myths that we construct – as a covering that hides ourselves, a mask, a cloak
How do men project there anima?
- project this archetype onto your relationship with actual women
• Problem: no female will be exactly like the archetype men hold = conflicts - project this image on to any character/story that involves females
What are the 2 elements of men’s archetype for women?
- Ideas about sexuality, woman’s role as a temptress
- Nurturing, tender, protective
Ex. The prostitute with a heart of gold (pretty woman)
Define the Animus (as archetype and complex)
- Posessed by females - conscious = female, unconcsious = male
COMPLEX: All aspects of a female’s personality considered contrasexual – unacceptable masculine features are suppressed into unconciousnes → varies
ARCHETYPE: A female’s image, understanding and expectations of maleness; a female’s masculine intincts
*key to the creativity of her unconscious min
How do women project The animus archetype into the real world?
- Stories written by women for women project the same male character in every story: men as strong willed, tall, handsome, determined and always sweep the female character off her feet for a life together
- Females are drawn to bad boys because they are strong, powerful, macho and domineering
Define the shadow (As archtype and complex)
ARCHETYPE:A person’s most primitive and basic instincts; our dark animalistic side – shared by everyone
COMPLEX: All aspects of personality seen as ‘other’ and rejected – Buried side of ourselves we reject because it’s socially unacceptable - unique to an individual
What was Jung’s explanation of World War 1?
explosion of the shadow because right before was Victorian repression that prevented integration of the shadow
How do we project the shadow?
• We project our shadow onto relationships with the same sex
Define the Self (as archetype and complex)
ARCHETYPE: Instinct to seek unity, wholeness and integration
COMPLEX: Not really a complex the combination/integration of all aspects/complexes of personality into a united whole – this is called self actualization/self realization
What are projections of the self?
- Circles, rings, crystals and spheres are all projections of the self
- High status and Royal figures, divine beings are human projections of the self archetype
- Projection of this archetype onto stories about that surround symbols of unity
According to Jung what is the biggest source of human motivation
Self actualization
When is self actualization most likely to occur?
middle age
What are the 2 processes involved in self actualization?
1- individuation
2. transcendent Function
Describe individuation
- understanding/differentiating all complexes in our personality
- requires help of an analyst.
- it is logically first, but occurs simultaneously with transcendent function
Define the Transcendent function
Occurs simultaneously with individuation - Once a complex has been individuated, the transcendent function works to integrate that complex into a single unified Self, which, when it develops, encompasses and replaces all other complexes, becoming the whole of personality.
What occurs to libido during self actualization?
• All libido that went along with individual complexes is combined into one large force and allows libido to be redistributed among various activities, ideas and impulses – called entropy – even distribution of libido
how many people reach the point of entropy?
maybe 2-5%
How does the gravity of our personality shift as a result of self actualization
• It shifts the center of gravity of our personality from the conscious part of the mind to the boundary between the conscious and unconscious = easier and more rapid access to the unconscious
what evidence shows that we share these archetypes?
→ We project them into every creative endeavor
→ We use them when we are asked to interpret ambiguous things
→ All over the world we find the same stories – 8 basic stories that every movie and television show
What are Jung’s stages of development?
Stage 1: Childhood – Birth to adolescence
Stage 2: Young Adulthood - Adolescence (19/20) to 40
Stage 3: Middle age – 40-65
Stage 4: Old age – 65-??
What occurs in childhood?
- Beginning at age 6 we begin to see a sexual drive in that mix of goals
- Adolescence is the time when sexual libido is at it’s maximum
What occurs in young adulthood?
• We see libido directed toward more social and developmental activities – setting ourselves up for life (career/family)
What happens in middle age
- MOST IMPORTANT
-we are well established – have a family if we are going to have one, set in our career
• We begin to become more inward looking, more reflective, philosophical and religious
• Begin to examine where we are and where we might be going
• Most likely stage to achieve self actualization
–>he is describing is a mid-life crisis
What happens in old age
- A period of relative decline – kids are gone and career is winding down
- Cognitive functions are declining
What two basic attitudes/orientations did Jung Identify?
- Extraversion
•An orientation towards the outside world
•Tendency to be more aware of things outside the individual with little attention to the mind - Introversion
•An orientation to pay more attention to what is going on within our own mind
Jung identified 4 functions we use to operate on information in our inner/outer world. What are the 2 rational functions?
– involve making judgments
1. Thinking
o Judging and evaluating things in the inner and outer world (people and objects)
2. Feeling
o Evaluating the emotional experience that we or others are having
o Decision about what this emotion is and what it mean
Jung identified 4 functions we use to operate on information in our inner/outer world. What are the 2 NON rational functions?
– Not something that involves judgment/evaluation
1. Sensing
• Simply detecting the presence of something in the inner or outer world
2. Intuiting
• Acting on the basis of hunches
• Being guided by some inner gut instinct
Do people have a bias towards certain functions?
Yes Our preferred function dominates our conscious perception of and interaction with the world
- preferentially thinkers, feelers, sensers or intuiters
What happens when one function dominates the conscious?
The opposite function of the same type (rational/non-rational)tes the unconcious
What happens to the 2 functions remaining that don’t dominate the conscious or unconscious
one may be a helper or auxiliary function of the opposite kind, and the fourth remaining will be used primarily through dream symbolism – getting it’s way out through projections or artistic work
how many personality types did Jung identify?
8
Describe the thinking extrovert
Objective (focused on things), cold (because feeling is repressed), lives according to fixed rules. Positive and dogmatic in thinking. Feeling is repressed
• Big on hierarchy and structure
Ex. Mr. spock from startreck
Describe the Feeling extrovert
• Emotional, respectful of authority and tradition. Sociable, seeks harmony with the world.
• Thinking is repressed and dominates the unconscious
• Evaluating the emotions of others
Ex. Penny on Big bang – concerned of social relationships
Describe the sensing extrovert
- Pleasure-seeking, socially adaptive. Seeks new sensory experiences and sensual pleasures (art, food). Realistic.
- Intuiting repressed.
Describe the Inuitive extrovert
- Decides based on hunches rather than facts. Changeable, creative. Moves from idea to idea rapidly. Very familiar with unconscious.
- Sensing repressed.
- Makes decisions impulsively based on gut instincts
- Lots of ideas based on hunches that make them creative
- Often shift their interests from one activity to another
- Much more in touch with personal unconscious than the other 3 types
Describe the thinking introvert
• Intense desire for privacy. Socially inhibited with poor practical judgment. Intellectual who ignores practical life.
• Feeling repressed
• Like to be alone, comfortable in their own skin
• Practical everyday lives are disorganized/chaotic
• Typically very intelligent
Ex. Albert Einstein
Describe the feeling introvert
- Quiet, thoughtful, very sensitive. Childish, and indifferent to feelings, thoughts of others. Very little expression of emotion.
- Thinking repressed
- Insensitive to others feelings, but very aware of his own emotions
- Don’t express a lot of emotion, but are easily hurt
Describe the the Sensing introvert
- Artistic, passive, calm. Detached from people, rolls with flow of events rather than guiding them.
- Intuition repressed
- Senses what’s going on in their own heads
Describe the intuitive introvert
- Eccentric daydreamer, with new and strange ideas. Not understood by others, and caring little about their opinion.
- Life guided by inner rather than outer experiences.
- Sensing repressed
What is the Meyers-Briggs Type idicatior?
- Most popular personality test
- Self descriptive scale which characterizes you into one of these personality types
- Used in career planning because there are jobs that benefit from particular personality types
- Matching you with a career path that matches you attitudes and orientation
- Is often predictive of career success
What is the most popular personality types among university students
- 60%-70% of university students are introverted
- Intuition is the most popular function among university
- Inroverted intuiters are the most successful students
What were the critsims Jung recieved
- Mostly philosophical
- His writings are two mystical and religious – don’t sound like they should be the basis of scientific theory
- His theory is elitist – only those with money can become self-actualized because they must enlist the help of a therapist
- He is very difficult to understand/read – hard to follow his ideas, he goes off on tangents without returning to original point – Jung recognized this
- Yung uses his own methodology to validate his theory
What support did Jung recieve
- First to introduce the concept of the self
- First to introduce eastern concepts into his theory
- Introduced the notion of self-actualization as the primary human motivation
- Like Freud, Yung’s model had an impact well outside of psychology – religion, writing, historical analysis etc.
- People see Jung’s view of personality as being more optimistic – emphasizing balance, harmony and integration
- Views were strongly adopted by the humanists
what is self actualization/self realization?
the combination/integration of all aspects/complexes of personality into a united whole
In what order do complexes get discovered and differentiated during individuation?
- First we come to understand the persona, then the integration of anima/animus
- Then we come to integrate all other complexes – shadow, hero, mother etc. (unique to the individual)
When inflated, our persona
prevents us from knowing other parts of our personality
