Freud and Psychoanalysis Flashcards
Defin hedonism
The belief that we do things to produce pleasure (ancient greek notion)
Two instincts that motivate ALL human behaviour according to Freud?
- Sexuality (Eros)
* Aggression (thanatos = greek word for death) – a state of no desire
Freud conceptualized both these instincts as being powered by what?
a form of internal psychic energy that he called libido.
Freud thought that the instincts were fulfilled by the actions of what?
three psychic structures.
- Id
- Ego
- Superego
What psychic structure structure do we possess at birth?
The id, but immediately upon birth the Id splits (differenciates) to start forming the ego
The Id translates _______ into ________blank
needs into psychological drives
Does the id have direct contact with the physical world?
No. But, it can access stored memories/images of what it’s seen or heard
What two concept does the id not understand?
1 - cause and effect (actions have consequences)
2- No sense of time (no past or present only now)
The Id works based on what?
the pleasure principle, if it feels good do it now! (Because there is no tomorrow!)
Whats structure initially contains all the libido?
The Id
How does the Id achieve pleasure? explain.
id achieves pleasure through the primary process, which involves attaching (cathecting) libido to internal memory images that have been associated with pleasure in the past.
Hallucinatory wish fulfillment– uses energy that has been involved in gratifying that instinct in the past
What is the id capable of doing to achieve gratification
Reflexes: grabbing, sucking, etc.
What kind of thinking does the Id use?
Predicate thinking (half blind) – has difficulty discriminating images in memory that are similar in anyway. It may invest it’s libido in the wrong memory that is not directly related to sexual urges
What is the ego’s function?
to translate the Id’s internal wishes (experienced in the form of images) into contact with actual objects.
Which structure has direct physical contact with the world?
The Ego - has direct sensory awareness of the real world (smells, tastes etc.)
The Ego works based on what?
the Reality Principle (if it feels good, do it, but only if it is safe), constraints on our desires based on reality
What is the secondary process?
Ego knows what is in the image that the Id has associated libido to. The ego then goes out and finds the sexual object. Takes the libido from the imagined object and invests it to the actual object to achieve pleasure.
- ex. Don’t imagine eating a cookie go to the kitchen and eat one
•The ego takes energy (libido) from the id for it’s own uses
How much of the ego is in the unconcious
Most of the ego (80) is in the unconscious – has the most direct contact with the Id. A small part (15-20%) is conscious
How does the ego use anti-cathecsis?
The ego can prevent the Id from attaching energy (libido) to memories that are dangerous by creating a barrier (anti-cathecsis) between the id and the image
What is the final structure to develop? when does it happen?
is the superego, which is the internal representation of the parents’ values.
•Develops at 5 or 6 and is the result of the resolution of the edipus complex
Superego consists of two parts (substructures) ?
- The conscience, which represents the internalized ‘don’ts’, things we have been punished for
- The ego ideal, which contains the internalized ‘do’s’ which we have been rewarded for
Does the superego operate in the conscious of unconscious? where does it get it’s energy?
- Like the ego, the superego operates partly in the conscious part of the mind, but mostly in the unconscious.
- Takes it’s energy from the Id
How does a child move from one psychosexual stage to the next
In each stage the child learns an important life lesson and discovers a new erogenous zone which becomes the primary source of the child’s sexual and aggressive pleasure
List the 5 stages and the ages at which they occur
- Oral Stage: birth-7m
- Anal Stage: 1-3 yrs
- Phallic Stage: 3-5yrs
- Latency Stage: 6-12
- Genital Stage: 12+