Jordans Notes 10

Question 1

What machine are microsatellite fragments
analysed with?

Answer 1

Capillary DNA sequencing machine with a size standard

Question 2

What are the applications of microsatellites?

Answer 2

Parentage and kinship (or preventing related individuals from mating
inbreeding analysis (conservation)(heterozygosity)

Question 3

What are null alleles?

Answer 3

Primer binding site is not well conserved
primers may not bind to some alleles
May look like a homozygous individual
Alleles that fail to amplify in microsatellite analysis due to the primer binding site
not being well conserved

Question 4

Answer 4

50-56℃

Question 5

INDELs

Answer 5

Insertion/Deletion mutations

Question 6

What are the 5 objectives of DNA extraction?

Answer 6

1. Maximise DNA recovery
2. Maximise DNA quality
3. Maximise DNA Concentration
4. Remove PCR inhibitors
5. Remove or inhibit nucleases

Allows for storage with less degradation

Question 7

Difference between gene flow and migration?

Answer 7

Gene flow requires the migrated individual to reproduce and pass its alleles on

Question 8

What is a substitution from one nucleotide ring
structure to the other?

Answer 8

Transversion

Question 9

What is the Jukes and Cantor model?

Answer 9

one-parameter
all substitution types are just as common
Transitions and transversions occur at the same rate (Assumption)

Question 10

What substitution model takes into account
different rates of transversion vs transition

Answer 10

Kimura 2 parameter model