Jordan's study guide- Muscle Flashcards
Single muscle cells with peripheral nucli, striations, and a high blood supply
Myofibers
Type 1 fibers
slow twitch Large number of mitochondria Postural and sustained activity
Type 2 fibers
Fast twitch Few mitochondria Rapid activity
What are the 2 types of distribution for muscle injury
Focal Multifocal
What are the 2 timelines for muscle injury
Monophasic Polyphasic
If you are kicked by a horse, what kind of injury is it
Monophasic focal
Chronic abuse, nutritional deficiency, toxicity are what kind of injury
polyphasic multifocal
Capture myopathy causes what kind of injury
Monophasic multifocal
Repeated pulling on a leash, or an ill fitted saddle cause what kind of injury
Polyphasic focal
Increase number of nucli lined up in a row central in the myofibril
satelitosis (increase number of nuclei)
Response to an injury
What are two common causes of circulatory disturbances
Downer cattle
Equine anestesia
What is an example of a horse toxin that would cause this to muscle
Monensin toxicity
Two bacterial causes of myositis
Clostridium (picture is black leg)
abscesses
3 parasitic causes of myositis
Toxoplasma gondii
Tricinella spiralis (picture)
Sarcocystis spp.
What disease causes white streaks in muscle
Sarcoysts
What autoimmune disease is this
Masticatory muscle myositis
Caused by anesthesia or stress
Muscles continuously contract
Mutation in ryanodine receptor
Malignant hyperthermia
Streaking and palor of the diaphragm
Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy
This is seen with acidosis, stress, hoofstock, long legged birds
Disuse
Capture myopathy
Caused by malnutrition
Vit E/ selenium deficiency
Fibrosis and free radical injury in frequently used muscles
White muscle disease
Nutritional myopathy
Brachial plexus avulsion and layrngeal hemiplegia are examples of what
Denervation
