Joints of Upper Extremity

Question 1

What is the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 1

It is the shoulder joint. It is multiaxial, synovial, and a ball and socket joint.

Question 2

What is the most easily dislocated joint?

Answer 2

The shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint)

Question 3

What is the joint capsule of the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 3

It surrounds the joint and allows for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, protraction, retraction, and circumduction

Question 4

What is the coracohumeral ligament?

Answer 4

It is the coronois process to the greater tubercle of the humerus

Question 5

What is the transverse humeral ligament?

Answer 5

It spans the greater and lesser tubercle of the humerus and holds the tendon of the long head of the biceps in place

Question 6

What is the glenohumeral ligament?

Answer 6

It is the supraglenoid tubercle to the lesser tubercle of the humerus

Question 7

What is the glenoid labrum?

Answer 7

It is the fibrocartilaginous ligament surrounding the margin of the glenoid cavity

Question 8

What is the bursae found in the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 8

It allows for the greater ease of movements

Question 9

What is the acromioclavicular (AC) joint?

Answer 9

It is a synovial planar joint and it helps holds things together around the top of the glenohumeral joint.

Question 10

What is the joint capsule of the AC joint?

Answer 10

It surrounds the joint and allows for gliding movements as the arm is raised and the scapula is rotated.

Question 11

What is the acromioclavicular ligament?

Answer 11

It is the acromion process to the clavicle

Question 12

What is the caracoclavicular ligament?

Answer 12

It reinforces the joint and stabilizes the clavicle

Question 13

What is the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 13

It is the saddle type synovial joint with a disc; it anchors the upper extremity to the axial to the skeleton

Question 14

What is the capsule of the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 14

It is the clavicle and manucrium; it allows for elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, and circumduction

Question 15

What is the sternoclavicular ligament?

Answer 15

It is the ligament that connects the clavicle from each side - clavicle and manubrium

Question 16

What is the interclavicular ligament?

Answer 16

It is the ligament between clavicles

Question 17

What is the costoclavicular ligament?

Answer 17

It is the ligament that achors the clavicle to the first rib

Question 18

What stabilizes the shoulder joint?

Answer 18

The tendons of the rotator cuff muscles help stabilize the shallow articualtion without inhibiting the range of motion at the shoulder

Question 19

What is the humero-ulnar joint?

Answer 19

It is one of two joints at the elbow; it is a uniaxial, synovial, and hinge joint (ginglymnus)

Question 20

What is the joint capsule of the humero-ulnar joint?

Answer 20

It surrounds the joint and permits flexion and extension.

Question 21

What is the ulnar collateral ligament?

Answer 21

It is the ligament that connects the medial epicondyle to the coronoid process and olecranon of the elbow. It is a triangular ligament with distinct bands

Question 22

What is the radial collateral ligament?

Answer 22

It is a ligament that attaches the lateral epicondyle to the padial notch of the ulna and annular ligament; it is relatively weak

Question 23

What is the proximal radio-ulnar joint?

Answer 23

It is one of two elbow joints

Question 24

What is the annular ligament?

Answer 24

It is a ligament that surrounds the radial head and the radial notch of the ulna; it keep the head of the radius in notch and permits protonation and supination

Question 25

What is the interosseous membrane?

Answer 25

It is a fibrous joint that unites the radius and the ulna; it also divides the forearm into anterior and posterior compartments and serves as a site of muscle attachment for the FDP, FPL, EPL, EI, EPB, and AbPL

Question 26

What is the distal radio-ulnar joint?

Answer 26

It is one of three wrist jonts. It is a uniaxial and synovial joint

Question 27

What is the joint capsule of the distal radio-ulnar joint?

Answer 27

It extends from the ulnar head around the ulnar notch of the radius; it allows pronation and supination

Question 28

What are the palmar and dorsal radioulnar ligaments?

Answer 28

It is a ligament that extends transcersely between the radius and the ulna; the articular disc binds bones together

Question 29

What is the radiocarpal joint?

Answer 29

It is one of three wrist joints. It is a biaxial, synovial, ellipsoid joint.

Question 30

What is the joint capsule of the radiocarpal joint?

Answer 30

It extends from the radius to the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum. It provides minimal support but allows for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction of the wrist,

Question 31

What is the palmar radiocarpal ligament (volar)?

Answer 31

It is a ligament that attaches the radius to the scaphoid and the lunate to the triquetrum. It is a strong and stabilizing ligament.

Question 32

What is the dorsal radiocarpal ligament?

Answer 32

It is a ligament that attaches the radius to the scaphoid ad the lunate to the triquetrum. It is a weak ligament

Question 33

What is the radial collateral ligament?

Answer 33

It is a ligament that attaches the radius to the scaphoid and the triquetrum and it helps stabilize the proximal row of the carpals

Question 34

What is the ulnar-carpal joint?

Answer 34

It is one of three wrist joints

Question 35

What is the ulnocarpal ligament?

Answer 35

It is a ligament from the styloid process of the ulna to the medial side of the triquetral bone and the pisiform and flexor retinaculum

Question 36

What is the articular disc?

Answer 36

It covers the distal end of the ulna

Question 37

What is the ulnar collateral ligament?

Answer 37

It is a ligament that attaches the ulna to the triquetral and pisiform bones, and it helps stabilize the proximal row of carpals

Question 38

What are intercarpal joints?

Answer 38

These are synovial plane joints that permit gliding and sliding movements. These bones are helpd in place by anterior, posterior, and interosseous ligaments

Question 39

What is the carpometacarpal joint?

Answer 39

It is one of four finger joints; it is plane, synovial joint (except the thumb); it allows for gliding movements. M2:Trapezoid, M3:Capitate, M4 and M5:Hamate

Question 40

What is the thumb (trapeziometacarpal - TMC) joint?

Answer 40

It is one of four finger joints; it is a biaxial saddle joint that allows for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and opposition of the thumb

Question 41

What is the metacarpophalangeal joint?

Answer 41

It is one of four finger joints; it is biaxial, condyloid synovial joint that allows for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction of individual fingers

Question 42

What is the interphalangeal joint?

Answer 42

It is one of four finger joints; it is a uniaxial synovial joint that allows flexion and extension only.