Joints And Their Movement Flashcards
How many types or classifications of joints are there?
3
What are the three types of joints?
Fixed/fibrous, cartilaginous and synovial
How moveable are fibrous joints?
Not at all
How moveable are cartilaginous joints?
Semi moveable
How moveable are synovial joints?
Completely; can move freely
Examples of fibrous joints
Skull, pelvis, radio ulnar and sacrum
Examples of cartilaginous
Ribs attached to the sternum
Examples of synovial joints
Knee and elbow joints
Hw many types of synovial joints are there?
6
What is the structure of a pivot joint?
A uniaxial joint that only allows rotation
What is the structure of a gilding joint?
Occurs where flat bones glide past each other, usually in a biaxial matter
What is the structure of a ball and socket joint?
A rounded bone head articulates with a cup-shaped cavity
What is the structure of a hinge joint?
A uniaxial joint
What is the structure of a saddle joint?
Concave and convex bone surfaces align; generally biaxial
What is the structure of a condyloid joint?
Very similar to a hinge joint but also allows slight rotation; hence, is biaxial
Types of movement at pivot joints
Rotation of one bone around another
Types of movement at gliding joints
Gliding movements
Types of movement at ball and socket joints
Flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, internal and external rotation
Types of movement at hinge joints
Flexion, extension
Types of movement at saddle joints
Flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, circumduction
Types of movement at condyloid joints
Flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, circumduction
Example of a pivot joint
Atlas (top of neck)
Examples of a gliding joint
Carpals/tarsals
Examples of a ball and socket joint
Shoulder, hip
Examples of a hinge joint
Knee, elbow
Examples of a saddle joint
Thumb
Examples of a condyloid joint
Wrist
Define Flexion
The angle between articulating bones is decreased. Muscles responsible are flexors
Define Extension
The angle of the joint is increased; muscles responsible for extension are known as extensors
Define Abduction
The movement of a body part away from an imaginary mid line of the body
Define Adduction
Movement of a body part towards an imaginary midline of the body
Define rotation
When a bone turns on its own axis within a joint
Define circumduction
When a limb moves in a circular fashion
Define Supination
When the forearm is rotated, turning the hand from palm down to palm up
Define pronation
When the forearm is rotated while the palm of the hand faces down
Define Dorsiflexion
Occurs at the ankle when the toes are pointing towards the tibia and generally higher than the heel
Define Plantarflexion
Occurs at the ankle when the toes are pointed downwards and the heel is raised
Define Inversion
Occurs when the sole of the foot is turned inwards towards the imaginary midline of the body
Define Eversion
Occurs when the sole of the foot is turned outwards from the imaginary midline of the body
