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Anatomy 1 > Joints > Flashcards

Joints Flashcards

1
Q

What is the weakest parts of the skeleton?

A

Joints (articulations)

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2
Q

Articulation/Joints

A

site where two or more bones meet

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3
Q

Functions of a Joint

A

Give skeleton mobility

Hold the skeleton together

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4
Q

What joints classified by?

A

Structure

Function

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5
Q

Structural Classification of Joints

A

focuses on the material binding bones together and whether or not a joint cavity is present

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6
Q

3 structural classifications of joints

A

Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

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7
Q

Fibrous Structural Class of Jts

A

united by collagen fibers

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8
Q

cartilaginous structure joints

A

united by cartilage

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9
Q

Synovial joints

A

covered with cartilage; enclosed within capsule

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10
Q

Functional Classification of Joints

A

is based on amount of movement by the joint

Synarthroses
Amphiarthroses
Diarthroses

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11
Q

Synarthroses

A

immovable (cartilaginous) function

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12
Q

Amphiarthroses

A

slightly movable

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13
Q

Diarthroses

A

freely movable (synovial) function

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14
Q

Bones are joined by?

A

fibrous tissues

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15
Q

In fibrous structural joints, there is no?

A

Joint cavity

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16
Q

Most fibrous structural joints are?

A

immovable

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17
Q

There are three types of fibrous structural its, what are they?

A

sutures
syndesmoses
gomphoses

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18
Q

Sutures occur between what?

A

bones of the skull

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19
Q

Sutures are comprised of?

A

interlocking junctions completely filled with connective tissue fibers

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20
Q

sutures bind

A

tightly together, but allow for growth during youth

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21
Q

syndesmoses

A

bones are connected by a fibrous tissue ligament

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22
Q

syndesmoses movement?

A

varies from immovable to slightly

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23
Q

Example of syndesmoses

A

connection between the tibia&fibula and ulna&radius

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24
Q

Gomphoses socket type

A

Peg-in-socket fibrous jt between a tooth and its alveolar socket

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25
Q

Gomphoses fibrous connection

A

is the periodontal ligament

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26
Q

Cartilaginous joints are

A

articulating bones united by cartilage

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27
Q

Cartilaginous joints lack what?

A

a joint cavity

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28
Q

Two types of cartilaginous joints?

A

synchondroses

symphyses

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29
Q

Synchondroses

A

a bar or plate of hyaline cartilage unites the bones

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30
Q

All synchondroses are?

A

synarthrotic (lil to no movement)

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31
Q

Epiphyseal plates of children is an example of?

A

synchondroses

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32
Q

Jonts between the costal cartilage of the first rib and sternum is example of?

A

synchondroses

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33
Q

Symphyses

A

Hyaline cartilage covers the articulating surface of the bone and is used to an intervening pad of fibrocartilage

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34
Q

intervertabral joints and pubic symphysis of pelvis is an example of ?

A

symphyses

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35
Q

Synovial Joints

A

Those joints in which the articulating bones are separated by a fluid-containing joint cavity

36
Q

Synovial joints function

A

all are freely movable

diarthroses

37
Q

all limb joints, and most joints of the body are examples of?

A

synovial joints

38
Q

5 parts of synovial joints

A

1) Articular cartilage (hyaline)
2) Joint (synovial) cavity
3) Articular capsule
4) Synovial fluid
5) Reinforcing ligaments

39
Q

Articular capsule and ligament have?

A

Many nerve endings
Blood vessels that allow synovial fluid
Fatty pads between fibrous capsule

40
Q

Disc/wedge (menisci) improves what in synovial joint?

A

BONE FIT

41
Q

Bursae

A

flattened, fibrous sacs lined with synovial membranes and containing synovial fluid

42
Q

Bursae is not?

A

part of joint

43
Q

Where are Bursae common?

A

where ligaments, muscles, skin, tendons, or bones rub together

44
Q

Tendon sheath

A

elongated bursa that wraps completely around a tendon

45
Q

Synovial joints stability determined by?

A

Articular surfaces
ligaments
muscle tone

46
Q

Articular surfaces stability

A

shape determines what movements are possible

47
Q

Ligaments

A

unite bones and prevent excessive or undesirable motion at 6%

48
Q

Muscle tone is accomplished how?

A

muscle tendons across joints acting as stabilizing factors

49
Q

Tendons in muscle tone?

A

kept tight at all times by muscle tone (shoulder jt)

50
Q

The two muscle attachments across a joint are?

A

origin

insertion

51
Q

origin

A

attachment to the immovable bone

52
Q

insertion

A

attachment to the movable bone

53
Q

During contraction, what happens?

A

insertion moves towards the origin

54
Q

synovial joints range of motion

A

movement described in the directional terms relative to line/axes around which part moves

55
Q

Nonaxial

A

no axis around which movement occurs

56
Q

uniaxial

A

movement in one plane

57
Q

biaxial

A

movement in 2 planes

58
Q

mulitaxial

A

movement in or around all 3 planes

59
Q

C1 and C2 allow one to say?

A

No

60
Q

Carpals slide against each other is example of what??

A

nonaxial

61
Q

Rotation of head, flex/ext of forearm example

A

uniaxial

62
Q

flex/ext of leg and some rotation example

A

biaxial

63
Q

clavicles movement is example of

A

multiaxial

64
Q

What are 3 different types of movements??

A

gliding
angular
rotation

65
Q

Gliding movement

A

one flat bone surface glides/slips over another similar surface

66
Q

Intercarpal and intertarsal joints, and between the flat articular processes of the vertebrae is example of what movement?

A

Gliding

67
Q

Angular movement

A 
reduction or increase in angle of articling parts
Flex/Ext
Dorisflexion and plantar flexion
abd/add
circumduction
68
Q

Flexion

A

bending movement that decreases the angle of the jt

69
Q

extension

A

reverse of flex, jt angle is increased

70
Q

Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion

A

up and down movement of the foot

71
Q

ABDuction

A

movement away from midline

72
Q

ADDuction

A

movement toward the midline

73
Q

Circumduction

A

movement describes a cone in space

74
Q

rotation movement

A

the turning of a bone around its own long axis

75
Q

Between first two vertebrae is an example of what?

A

rotation movement

76
Q

hip and shoulder joints is example of what ?

A

rotation movement

77
Q

Special movements

A 
Sup/pronation
inversion and eversion
protraction/retraction
elevation and depression
opposition
78
Q

Synovial joints have common feature but not?

A

structure

79
Q

synovial joints movement

A

is based on shape of articulating structure

80
Q

how many major categories of synovial its?

A

6

81
Q

Plane (synovial) Joints

A

articular surfaces are essentially flat

82
Q

Plane its allow only?

A

slipping or gliding movements

83
Q

nonaxial joints are an example of what synovial jt?

A

plane joints

84
Q

Hinge (syn) Jts

A

Cylindrical projections of one bone fits into a trough-shaped surface on another

85
Q

Hinge joint motion

A

is along a single plane

86
Q

Hinge joints are

A

uniaxial joints that permit flexion and extension only

87
Q

elbow and interphalangeal joints are example of what synovial jt?

A

hinge jt

Anatomy 1 (8 decks)

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