joints Flashcards
what are bone names typically derived from
the names of the bones involved
what is the definition of a joint
any point where two bones meet
what is an immobile joint formed when the gap between two bones ossify
bony joints
what joints make it so that two bones are essentially one
bony joints
what type of joints are the following an example of:
left and right mandibular bones in infants
cranial structures in elderly
attachment of first rib and sternum with old age
bony joints
3 types of fiberous joints
sutures, gomphoses, syndesmoses
what are immobile or slightly mobile joints where collagen fibers bind the bones of the skull together
sutures
what are interlocking wavy suture joints called
serrate
what are overlapping beveled suture joints called
lap (squamous)
what are straight, nonoverlapping serrate joints called
plane (butt)
what type of suture joints do the temporal and parietal bones have
lap (squamous)
what type of joint does the palatine process of the maxilla (palate) have
plane (butt)
what is the attachment of a tooth to its socket
gomphosis
what do collagen fibers attach the tooth to
the jawbone
what are two reasons gomphosis joints are important
so your teeth dont break when you eat hard foods
so you know when things are stuck in your teeth
what is a fiberous joint where two bones are bound by long collagen fibers
syndesmosis
two examples of syndesmoses joints
ulna and radius
tibia and fibula
what type of joint is when bones are joined by hyaline cartilage
synchondroses
what type of joints are the temporary joints found in epiphysial plates in children
synchondroses
what type of joint is found where the first rib attaches to the sternum
syndochondroses
what type of joint forms when two bones are joined by fibrocartilage
symphyses
what type of cartilaginous joints are found in the vertebrae
symphyses
what part of a synovial joint lubricates and nourishes
the joint cavity containing synovial fluid
what type of cartilage is at the end of either synovial joint the allows for easy movement
articular cartilage (type of hyaline cartilage)
what forms a pan between articulating bones that crosses the entire joint capsule
articular disc
what is the moon shaped cartilage in the knee that is an articular disc
meniscus
what attach muscle to bone
tendons
what attach bone to bone
ligaments
what lubricates the connection between tendons and bones that directs flexion and direction of movement
tendon sheaths
what is the stuff between muscles and tendons that absorb shock and provide protection
bursa
what allows for more effective cushion of synovial joints when working out
exercise warming it up
what is the fluid that puts nutrients into cartilage since they’re avasular
synovial fluid
the resistance arm and effort arm are described relative to the _____
fulcrum
where is the fulcrum in a first class lever
the middle
how are most of the joints in the body set up to be a third class lever
where do the letters go
the effort is between the resistance and the fulcrum (REF)
what are the degrees that joints can move called
range of motion
the shoulder joint in _____axial
multi
what type of axial is the ball and socket joint
example of this
multi
shoulder
what type of axial is the pivot joint
example of this
monoaxial
radius and ulna
what type of axial is the saddle joint
example of this
biaxial
carpal bones
what type of axial is the hinge joint
example of this
monoaxial
elbow
what type of axial is the plane joint
example of this
biaxial
hand bones
what type of axial is the condylar joint
example of this
biaxial
metacarpal
what bone sits in the rotator cuff
humerus
what is the most flexible joint
shoulder
