Joint Movement

Question 1

Gliding movement

Answer 1

one flat, or nearly flat, bone surface glides or slips over another.

Question 2

Angular movements

Answer 2

increase or decrease the angle between two bones.

Question 3

Flexion

Answer 3

decreases the angle of the joint and brings the articulating bones closer together. (backwards)

Question 4

Extension

Answer 4

increases the angle between the articulating bones. (forwards)

Question 5

Abduction

Answer 5

the movement of a limb (or fingers) away from the midline body. (or hand)

Question 6

Adduction

Answer 6

the movement of a limb (or fingers) toward the midline of the body. (or hand)

Question 7

Circumduction

Answer 7

moving a limb so that it describes a cone in the air.

Question 8

Rotation

Answer 8

turning of the bone along its own axis.

Question 9

Supination

Answer 9

rotating the forearm laterally so that the palm faces anteriorly or superiorly.

Question 10

Pronation

Answer 10

rotating the arm medially so that the palm faces posteriorly or inferiorly.

Question 11

Inversion

Answer 11

turns the sole of the foot so it faces medially.

Question 12

Eversion

Answer 12

turns the sole of the foot so it faces laterally.

Question 13

Protraction

Answer 13

moves the mandible anteriorly, just the jaw forward.

Question 14

Retraction

Answer 14

returns the mandible to its original position.

Question 15

Elevation

Answer 15

lifting a body part superiorly.

Question 16

Depression

Answer 16

to move an elevated body part inferiorly.

Question 17

Opposition

Answer 17

occurs when you touch your thumb to the fingers on the same hand.

Question 18

Plane joints

Answer 18

flat articular surfaces, allow gliding and transitional movements.

Question 19

Hinge joints

Answer 19

cylindrical projection that nests in a trough-shaped structure, allows movement along a single plane.

Question 20

Pivot joints

Answer 20

a rounded structure that protrudes into a sleeve or ring, and allow uni-axial rotation of a bone around a long axis.

Question 21

Condyloid (ellipsoid)

Answer 21

consist of an oval articular surface that nests in a complementary depression, and permit all angular movements.

Question 22

Saddle joints

Answer 22

consist of each articular surface bearing complementary concave and convex areas, and allow more freedom of movement than condyloid joints.

Question 23

Ball-in-socket-joints

Answer 23

consist of spherical or hemispherical structure that articulates with a cuplike structure. They are the most freely moving joints and allow multiaxial movements.

Question 24

Knee joint

Answer 24

femoropatellar joint, lateral and medial joints between the femoral condyles, and the menisci or the tibia. Known collectively as the tibiofemoral.

Question 25

Elbow joint

Answer 25

stable and smoothly operating hinge joint that allows flexation and extension only. Stability ligaments: anular, ulnar collateral, radial.

Question 26

Shoulder (Glenohumeral) joint

Answer 26

most freely moving joint in the body. Reinforcement ligaments are coracohumeral ligment and three glenohumeral ligments.

Question 27

Hip (coxal) joint

Answer 27

ball-in-socket joint that provides a good range of motion