Joint Mechanics and Joint Injuries

Question 1

Types of Joints

Answer 1

a. Fibrous Joints: bones fit tightly together, bound together by more of less inextensible connective tissue and permit little or no movement (ex. Sutures of the skull)
b. Cartilaginous Joints: bones that are separated by cartilage, permit slight movement (ex. Intervertebral disks)
c. Synovial Joints: move freely → 6 types

Question 2

Sprain and Strain

Answer 2

a. Sprain: injury involving a tendon or ligament

b. Strain: injury involving a muscle

Question 3

Hinge Joint

Answer 3

bones fit together like a hinges, one convex portion of a bone fits into a concave part of another, usually have collateral ligaments supporting the joint, movement in one plane (ex. Elbows, fingers)

Question 4

Ellipsoid Joint

Answer 4

an oval biconvex surface that fits into a biconcave surface, movement in to planes (ex. wrist, ankle)

Question 5

Ball and Socket Joint

Answer 5

ball shaped bone end wits into a socket of a second bone, allows movement around three axes (ex. hip, shoulder)

Question 6

Gliding (Sliding) Joint

Answer 6

articulating surface that are flat and allow sliding along two planes (ex. tarsals and carpals)

Question 7

Saddle Joint

Answer 7

allows movement along two planes, but doesn’t allow rotation (ex. thumb)

Question 8

Pivot Joint

Answer 8

one bone pivots on another allowing rotation in one plane, a rounded portion of the bone fits into another