Energy Systems

Question 1

Energy Systems Table

Answer 1

Anaerobic Alactic Anaerobic Lactic Aerobic
Other Name Phosphagen
ATP-PC Glycolysis Cellular Respiration
Duration 0-20 Seconds 30sec – 2mins 3mins-hours
Energy Source • ATP Stores
• CP Stores • Muscle Glycogen • Plasma Free Fatty Acid Oxidation
• Muscle Glycogen
• Blood Glucose
• Muscle Triglyceride
By Products Cr and Heat Lactic acid and heat H2O, CO2 and heat
Muscle Fibre Type Fast Twitch Fast Twitch and Slow Twitch Slow Twitch

Question 2

Cellular Respiration Sub-Pathways

Answer 2

a. Glycolysis: in cytoplasm of cells, same as anaerobic lactic system except in the presence of O2 pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA→CoA enters Krebs Cycle and 2 ATP produced
b. Krebs Cycle: in mitochondria of cells where 8 reactions occur and 2 ATP produced, fatty acids and protein enter system
c. Electron Transport Chain: in mitochondria 6 CO2 and 6 H2O produced as by products and 32 ATP molecules produced

Question 3

Slow Twitch Muscle Fibres

Answer 3

• Active during endurance sports (ex. long distance running or swimming)
• Red or dark in colour because of high amount of myoglobin
• Generates relaxation and tension slowly to maintain a lower level of tension over a long period
• Low myosin ATPase and glycolytic enzymes
• High oxidative enzymes

Question 4

Fast Twitch Muscle Fibres

Answer 4

• Active during sprits, power lifting, etc.
• Pale in colour because of low amounts of myoglobin
• Tense and relax quickly with large amounts of tension with low endurance
• High levels of myosin ATPase and glycolytic enzymes