John Locke Only the summary

Question 1

What is John Locke’s philosophical work?

Answer 1

He is the father of liberalim.

We were all born as Tabula Rasa, an unwritten leaf. When you are born you don’t have any ideas in you.

Question 2

Thinking we have ineate ideas, according to Locke is:….

Answer 2

-Unscientific
- Potentially dangerous

Question 3

What are Locke’s polemics?

Answer 3

• Against the thought off Robert Filmer. Who thought that the natural power of kings was given by God.
• Against Thomas Hobbes. He argued that the leviathian was a form of absolutism which he considerd the same as slavery.

Question 4

What is the natural law according to Locke?

Answer 4

Do not harm others in their PROPERTY without war

Question 5

What is property according to Locke?

Answer 5

• In oneself: Life, liberty
• In one’s goods: estate

Question 6

What is estate?

Answer 6

Estate=property= nature fixed with labour

Question 7

Lockean proviso

Answer 7

The condition that one should leave enough for others and that this enough should be as good as the rest.

One should not pick all the good apples from a three to leave the rotten ones for the others.

expect for money tho, because capitalism

Question 8

Social contract

Answer 8

The social contract is based on consent. The consent can be explicit or tacit but always has to be voluntary.

Question 9

The two analytical phases of the social contract

Answer 9

Social: Social contract through communinty (unanimously agreed upon)

Political: Socal contract through the government (by majority)

Question 10

Locke’s state

Answer 10

based upon limited government and natural rights. This government is bound to law by constitutionalism.

There is also a seperation of powers: legislative, executive and federative power.

The poeple have, give, and take legislative power, preferably via an elected representative

Question 11

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Answer 11

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Question 11

Freedom (5 position of view)

Answer 11

Freedom is:…

1. To have a standing rule to live by.
2. Common to every one of that society, and
   3 .Made by the legislative power erected in it;
   
   4. A liberty to follow my own will in all things, where the rule prescribes not;
   5. And not be subject to the inconstant, uncertain, unkown, arbitrarry will of another man: As freedom of nature is, to be under no other restraint but the law of nature.

Question 12

Concering toleration

Answer 12

Church and state should be seperated. Locke says that toleration is the mark of the true church.

Question 13

Roles of the government

Answer 13

• Civil intrests only: Life, liberty, health, and possesions
• Limits: Only outward force over bodies, not opinions
• Must stay neutral to religions

Question 14

Roles of the Church

Answer 14

• Free and voluntary for worhsip and soul only. Consent is needed!
• Limits: Can preach and excommunicate, but not more.
• Must not seek government support!