JLPT1b Flashcards
核
かく/nucleus/ kernel
格
かく/status/ character/ case
佳句
かく/beautiful passage of literature
画
かく/stroke
格差
かくさ/qualitative difference/ disparity
拡散
かくさん/scattering/ diffusion
各種
かくしゅ/every kind/ all sorts
隔週
かくしゅう/every other week
確信
かくしん/conviction/ confidence
革新
かくしん/reform/ innovation
確定
かくてい/definition (math)/ decision/ settlement
獲得
かくとく/acquisition/ possession
確保
かくほ/guarantee/ ensure/ maintain/ insure/ secure
革命
かくめい/revolution
確立
かくりつ/establishment
賭け
かけ/betting/ gambling/ a gamble
掛け
かけ/credit
駆け足
かけあし/running fast/ double time
家計
かけい/household economy/ family finances
駆けっこ
かけっこ/(foot) race
駆ける
かける/to run (race esp. horse)/ to gallop/ to canter
賭ける
かける/to wager/ to bet/ to risk/ to stake/ to gamble
ヶ月
かげつ/
加工
かこう/manufacturing/ processing/ treatment
化合
かごう/chemical combination
嵩張る
かさばる/to be bulky/ to be unwieldy/ to grow voluminous
嵩む
かさむ/to pile up/ to increase
風車
かざぐるま/1. windmill/ 2. pinwheel
畏まりました
かしこまりました/certainly!
華奢
かしゃ/luxury/ pomp/ delicate/ slender/ gorgeous
箇所
かしょ/passage/ place/ point/ part
火傷
かしょう/burn/ scald
箇条書き
かじょうがき/itemized form/ itemization
噛る
かじる/to chew/ to bite (at)/ to gnaw/ to nibble/ to munch/ to crunch/ to have a smattering of
微か
かすか/faint/ dim/ weak/ indistinct/ hazy/ poor/ wretched
霞む
かすむ/to grow hazy/ to be misty
化する
かする/to change into/ to convert into/ to transform/ to be reduced/ to influence/ to improve (someone)
擦る
かする/to touch lightly/ to take a percentage (from)
火星
かせい/Mars (planet)
化石
かせき/fossil/ petrifaction/ fossilization
河川
かせん/rivers
化繊
かせん/synthetic fibres
過疎
かそ/depopulation
過多
かた/excess/ superabundance
難い
かたい/difficult/ hard
片思い
かたおもい/unrequited love
敵
かたき/enemy/ rival
気質
かたぎ/spirit/ character/ trait/ temperament/ disposition
片言
かたこと/a smattering/ talk like a baby/ speak haltingly
片付け
かたづけ/tidying up/ finishing
傾く
かたぶく/to incline toward/ to slant/ to lurch/ to heel over/ to be disposed to/ to trend toward/ to be prone to/ to
傾ける
かたむける/to incline/ to list/ to bend/ to lean/ to tip/ to tilt/ to slant/ to concentrate on/ to ruin (a country)
固める
かためる/to harden/ to freeze/ to fortify
偏る
かたよる/to be one-sided/ to incline/ to be partial/ to be prejudiced/ to lean/ to be biased
傍ら
かたわら/beside(s)/ while/ nearby
課題
かだい/subject/ theme/ task
花壇
かだん/flower bed
家畜
かちく/domestic animals/ livestock/ cattle
画期
かっき/epoch-making
活発
かっぱつ/vigor/ active
且つ
かつ/yet/ and
割
かつ/divide/ cut/ halve/ separate/ split/ rip/ break/ crack/ smash/ dilute
嘗て
かつて/once/ ever
日付
かづけ/date/ dating
門
かど/gate
叶う
かなう/to come true (wish)
叶える
かなえる/to grant (request wish)
金槌
かなづち/1. (iron) hammer/ 2. punishment
鉄棒
かなぼう/iron rod/ crowbar/ horizontal bar (gymnastics)
可成
かなり/considerably/ fairly/ quite
加入
かにゅう/becoming a member/ joining/ entry/ admission/ subscription/ affiliation/ adherence/ signing
金庫
かねぐら/safe/ vault/ treasury/ provider of funds
予言
かねごと/prediction/ promise/ prognostication
兼ねて
かねて/simultaneously
下番
かばん/going off duty
下品
かひん/inferior article
華美
かび/pomp/ splendor/ gaudiness
花粉
かふん/pollen
株式
かぶしき/stock (company)
気触れる
かぶれる/to react to/ to be influenced by/ to go overboard for
貨幣
かへい/money/ currency/ coinage
構え
かまえ/posture/ pose/ style
構える
かまえる/to set up
加味
かみ/seasoning/ flavoring
噛み切る
かみきる/to bite off/ to gnaw through
過密
かみつ/crowded
瓶
かめ/earthenware pot
かも知れない
かもしれない/may/ might/ perhaps/ may be/ possibly
粥
かゆ/(rice) gruel
痒い
かゆい/itchy/ itching
揶揄う
からかう/to ridicule/ to tease/ to banter with/ to make fun of
身体
からだ/the body
体付き
からだつき/body build/ figure
絡む
からむ/to entangle/ to entwine
借り
かり/borrowing/ debt/ loan
下吏
かり/lower official
加留多
かるた/(pt:) (n) playing cards (pt: carta)
涸れる
かれる/to dry up/ to run out
過労
かろう/overwork/ strain
辛うじて
かろうじて/barely/ narrowly/ just manage to do st
側
かわ/side/ row/ surroundings/ part/ (watch) case
可愛い
かわいい/pretty/ cute/ lovely/ charming/ dear/ darling/ pet
可愛がる
かわいがる/to love/ to be affectionate
可哀想
かわいそう/poor/ pitiable/ pathetic
可愛らしい
かわいらしい/lovely/ sweet
交わす
かわす/to exchange (messages)/ to dodge/ to parry/ to avoid/ to turn aside
代わる
かわる/to take the place of/ to relieve/ to be substituted for/ to be exchanged/ to change places with/ to take
代わる代わる
かわるがわる/alternately
乾
かん/heaven/ emperor
管
かん/pipe/ tube
幹
かん/(tree) trunk
冠
かん/crown/ diadem/ first/ best/ peerless/ cap/ naming/ designating/ initiating on coming of age/ top character ranking
観
かん/look/ appearance/ spectacle
館
かん/house/ hall/ building/ hotel/ inn/ guesthouse
簡易
かんい/simplicity/ easiness/ quasi-
感慨
かんがい/strong feelings/ deep emotion
寒気
かんき/cold/ frost/ chill
簡潔
かんけつ/brevity/ conciseness/ simplicity
還元
かんげん/resolution/ reduction/ return to origins
刊行
かんこう/publication/ issue
慣行
かんこう/customary practice/ habit/ traditional event
勧告
かんこく/advice/ counsel/ remonstrance/ recommendation
看護
かんご/nursing/ (army) nurse
漢語
かんご/Chinese word/ Sino-Japanese word
換算
かんさん/conversion/ change/ exchange
監視
かんし/observation/ guarding/ inspection/ surveillance
慣習
かんしゅう/usual (historical) custom
観衆
かんしゅう/spectators/ onlookers/ members of the audience
干渉
かんしょう/interference/ intervention
感触
かんしょく/sense of touch/ feeling/ sensation
肝心
かんじん/essential/ fundamental/ crucial/ vital/ main
歓声
かんせい/cheer/ shout of joy
感染
かんせん/infection/ contagion
幹線
かんせん/main line/ trunk line
関税
かんぜい/customs/ duty/ tariff
簡素
かんそ/simplicity/ plain
観点
かんてん/point of view
感度
かんど/sensitivity/ severity (quake)
幹部
かんぶ/management/ (executive) staff/ leaders
勘弁
かんべん/pardon/ forgiveness/ forbearance
完璧
かんぺき/perfection/ completeness/ flawless
感無量
かんむりょう/deep feeling/ inexpressible feeling/ filled with emotion
勧誘
かんゆう/invitation/ solicitation/ canvassing/ inducement/ persuasion/ encouragement
関与
かんよ/participation/ taking part in/ participating in/ being concerned in
慣用
かんよう/common/ customary
寛容
かんよう/forbearance/ tolerance/ generosity
観覧
かんらん/viewing
官僚
かんりょう/bureaucrat/ bureaucracy
慣例
かんれい/custom/ precedent/ of convention
還暦
かんれき/60th birthday
貫禄
かんろく/presence/ dignity
緩和
かんわ/relief/ mitigation
蓋
がい/cover/ lid/ cap
街
がい/~street/ ~quarters
外貨
がいか/imported goods/ foreign money
外観
がいかん/appearance/ exterior/ facade
外相
がいしょう/Foreign Minister
害する
がいする/to injure/ to damage/ to harm/ to kill/ to hinder
概説
がいせつ/general statement/ outline
該当
がいとう/corresponding/ answering to/ coming under
街頭
がいとう/in the street
概念
がいねん/general idea/ concept/ notion
外来
がいらい/imported/ outpatient clinic
概略
がいりゃく/outline/ summary/ gist/ in brief
学芸
がくげい/arts and sciences/ liberal arts
学士
がくし/university graduate
学説
がくせつ/theory
楽譜
がくふ/score (music)
学歴
がくれき/academic background
崖
がけ/cliff
雅致
がち/artistry/ good taste/ elegance/ grace
がっくり
heartbroken
合唱
がっしょう/chorus/ singing in a chorus
がっしり
firmly/ solidly/ tough
合致
がっち/agreement/ concurrence/ conforming to
がっちり
solidly built/ tightly/ shrewd/ calculating
月日
がっぴ/(the) date
合併
がっぺい/combination/ union/ amalgamation/ consolidation/ merger/ coalition/ fusion/ annexation/ affiliation/ incorporate
がる
feel
側
がわ/side/ row/ surroundings/ part/ (watch) case
癌
がん/cancer
眼科
がんか/ophthalmology
眼球
がんきゅう/eyeball
眼鏡
がんきょう/spectacles/ glasses
頑固
がんこ/stubbornness/ obstinacy
願書
がんしょ/written application or petition
頑丈
がんじょう/solid/ firm/ stout/ burly/ strong/ sturdy
岩石
がんせき/rock
元年
がんねん/first year (of a specific reign)
贋物
がんぶつ/imitation/ counterfeit/ forgery/ sham
元来
がんらい/originally/ primarily/ essentially/ logically/ naturally
生
き/pure/ undiluted/ raw/ crude
期
き/period/ time
企画
きかく/planning/ project
規格
きかく/standard/ norm
着飾る
きかざる/to dress up
器官
きかん/organ (of body)/ instrument
季刊
きかん/quarterly (e.g. magazine)
危害
きがい/injury/ harm/ danger
気兼ね
きがね/hesitance/ diffidence/ feeling constraint/ fear of troubling someone/ having scruples about doing someth
気軽
きがる/cheerful/ buoyant/ lighthearted
危機
きき/crisis
聞き取り
ききとり/listening comprehension
効き目
ききめ/effect/ virtue/ efficacy/ impression
帰京
ききょう/returning to Tokyo
基金
ききん/fund/ foundation
棄権
きけん/abstain from voting/ renunciation of a right
喜劇
きげき/comedy/ funny show
起源
きげん/origin/ beginning/ rise
機構
きこう/mechanism/ organization
既婚
きこん/marriage/ married
記載
きさい/mention/ entry
気障
きざ/affectation/ conceit/ snobbery
兆し
きざし/signs/ omen/ symptoms
兆
きざし/signs/ omen/ symptoms
軋む
きしむ/to jar/ to creak/ to grate
気象
きしょう/weather/ climate
期日
きじつ/fixed date/ settlement date
記述
きじゅつ/describing/ descriptor
奇数
きすう/odd number
築く
きずく/to build/ to pile up/ to amass
傷付く
きずつく/to be hurt/ to be wounded/ to get injured
規制
きせい/regulation
汽船
きせん/steamship
寄贈
きそう/donation/ presentation
貴族
きぞく/noble/ aristocrat
鍛える
きたえる/to forge/ to drill/ to temper/ to train/ to discipline
来る
きたる/to come/ to arrive/ to be due to/ to be next/ to be forthcoming
気立て
きだて/disposition/ nature
きちっと
exactly/ perfectly
几帳面
きちょうめん/methodical/ punctual/ steady
切っ掛け
きっかけ/chance/ start/ cue/ excuse/ motive/ impetus/ occasion
きっかり
exactly/ precisely
喫茶
きっさ/tea drinking/ tea house
きっちり
precisely/ tightly
屹度
きっと/1. (uk) surely/ undoubtedly/ certainly/ without fail/ 2. sternly/ severely
きっぱり
clearly/ plainly/ distinctly
規定
きてい/regulation/ provisions
起点
きてん/starting point
軌道
きどう/orbit/ railroad track
甲
きのえ/1st in rank/ first sign of the Chinese calendar/ shell/ instep/ grade A
気配
きはい/indication/ market trend/ worry
規範
きはん/model/ standard/ pattern/ norm/ criterion/ example
気品
きひん/aroma
気風
きふう/character/ traits/ ethos
起伏
きふく/undulation
規模
きぼ/scale/ scope/ plan/ structure
気まぐれ
きまぐれ/whim/ caprice/ whimsy/ fickle/ moody/ uneven temper
生真面目
きまじめ/too serious/ person who is too serious/ honesty/ sincerity
期末
きまつ/end of term
決まり悪い
きまりわるい/feeling awkward/ being ashamed
決まる
きまる/to be decided/ to be settled/ to look good in (clothes)
記名
きめい/signature/ register
脚色
きゃくしょく/dramatization (e.g. film)
脚本
きゃくほん/scenario
客観
きゃっかん/objective
規約
きやく/agreement/ rules/ code
救援
きゅうえん/relief/ rescue/ reinforcement
休学
きゅうがく/temporary absence from school/ suspension
究極
きゅうきょく/ultimate/ final/ eventual
窮屈
きゅうくつ/narrow/ tight/ stiff/ rigid/ uneasy/ formal/ constrained
球根
きゅうこん/(plant) bulb
救済
きゅうさい/relief/ aid/ rescue/ salvation/ help
給食
きゅうしょく/school lunch/ providing a meal
給仕
きゅうじ/office boy (girl)/ page/ waiter
休戦
きゅうせん/truce/ armistice
旧知
きゅうち/old friend/ old friendship
宮殿
きゅうでん/palace
窮乏
きゅうぼう/poverty
丘陵
きゅうりょう/hill
共
きょう/both/ neither (neg)/ all/ and/ as well as/ including/ with/ together with/ plural ending
供
きょう/offer/ present/ submit/ serve (a meal)/ supply
驚異
きょうい/wonder/ miracle
教員
きょういん/teaching staff
教科
きょうか/subject/ curriculum
協会
きょうかい/association/ society/ organization
共感
きょうかん/sympathy/ response
共学
きょうがく/coeducation
協議
きょうぎ/conference/ consultation/ discussion/ negotiation
教訓
きょうくん/lesson/ precept/ moral instruction
境遇
きょうぐう/environment/ circumstances
強行
きょうこう/forcing/ enforcement
強硬
きょうこう/firm/ vigorous/ unbending/ unyielding/ strong/ stubborn
凶作
きょうさく/bad harvest/ poor crop
共産
きょうさん/communism
教材
きょうざい/teaching materials
教習
きょうしゅう/training/ instruction
郷愁
きょうしゅう/nostalgia/ homesickness
教職
きょうしょく/teaching certificate/ the teaching profession
享受
きょうじゅ/reception/ acceptance/ enjoyment/ being given
興じる
きょうじる/to amuse oneself/ to make merry
強制
きょうせい/obligation/ coercion/ compulsion/ enforcement
共存
きょうそん/coexistence
姉妹
きょうだい/sisters
協調
きょうちょう/co-operation/ conciliation/ harmony/ firm (market) tone
協定
きょうてい/arrangement/ pact/ agreement
脅迫
きょうはく/threat/ menace/ coercion/ terrorism
共鳴
きょうめい/resonance/ sympathy
郷里
きょうり/birth-place/ home town
強烈
きょうれつ/strong/ intense/ severe
共和
きょうわ/republicanism/ cooperation
曲
きょく/tune/ piece of music
局限
きょくげん/limit/ localize
極端
きょくたん/extreme/ extremity
居住
きょじゅう/residence
拒絶
きょぜつ/refusal/ rejection
拒否
きょひ/denial/ veto/ rejection/ refusal
許容
きょよう/permission/ pardon
距離
きょり/distance/ range
寄与
きよ/contribution/ service
清らか
きよらか/clean/ pure/ chaste
気楽
きらく/at ease/ comfortable
煌びやか
きらびやか/gorgeous/ gaudy/ dazzling/ gay
切り
きり/limits/ end/ bounds/ period/ place to leave off/ closing sentence/ all there is/ only/ since
桐
きり/paulownia tree
切り替える
きりかえる/to change/ to exchange/ to convert/ to renew/ to throw a switch/ to replace/ to switch over
気流
きりゅう/atmospheric current
奇麗
きれい/pretty/ clean/ nice/ tidy/ beautiful/ fair
切れ目
きれめ/break/ pause/ gap/ end/ rift/ interruption/ cut/ section/ notch/ incision/ end (of a task)
際
きわ/edge/ brink/ verge/ side
木綿
きわた/cotton
極めて
きわめて/exceedingly/ extremely
僅
きん/a little/ small quantity
近眼
きんがん/nearsightedness/ shortsightedness/ myopia
緊急
きんきゅう/urgent/ pressing/ emergency
近々
きんきん/nearness/ before long
近郊
きんこう/suburbs/ outskirts
均衡
きんこう/equilibrium/ balance
近視
きんし/shortsightedness
禁じる
きんじる/to prohibit
禁ずる
きんずる/to forbid/ to suppress
勤勉
きんべん/industry/ diligence
勤務
きんむ/service/ duty/ work
禁物
きんもつ/taboo/ forbidden thing
勤労
きんろう/labor/ exertion/ diligent service
議案
ぎあん/legislative bill
戯曲
ぎきょく/play/ drama
議決
ぎけつ/resolution/ decision/ vote
議事堂
ぎじどう/Diet building
犠牲
ぎせい/sacrifice
偽造
ぎぞう/forgery/ falsification/ fabrication/ counterfeiting
議題
ぎだい/topic of discussion/ agenda
技能
ぎのう/technical skill/ ability/ capacity
逆転
ぎゃくてん/(sudden) change/ reversal/ turn-around/ coming from behind (baseball)
行
ぎょう/line/ row/ verse
業者
ぎょうしゃ/trader/ merchant
行政
ぎょうせい/administration
業績
ぎょうせき/achievement/ performance/ results/ work/ contribution
業務
ぎょうむ/business/ affairs/ duties/ work
玉
ぎょく/king (shogi)
漁船
ぎょせん/fishing boat
漁村
ぎょそん/fishing village
義理
ぎり/duty/ sense of duty/ honor/ decency/ courtesy/ debt of gratitude/ social obligation
疑惑
ぎわく/doubt/ misgivings/ distrust/ suspicion
吟味
ぎんみ/testing/ scrutiny/ careful investigation
区
く/ward/ district/ section
食い違う
くいちがう/to cross each other/ to run counter to/ to differ/ to clash/ to go awry
空腹
くうふく/hunger
区画
くかく/division/ section/ compartment/ boundary/ area/ block
区間
くかん/section (of track etc)
茎
くき/stalk
区切り
くぎり/an end/ a stop/ punctuation
潜る
くぐる/1. to drive/ to pass through/ 2. to evade/ to hide/ 3. to dive (into or under water)/ to go undergro
種々
くさぐさ/variety
嚏
くしゃみ/sneeze
旧事
くじ/past events/ bygones
籤引
くじびき/lottery/ drawn lot
擽ぐったい
くすぐったい/ticklish
草臥れる
くたびれる/to get tired/ to wear out
下らない
くだらない/good-for-nothing/ stupid/ trivial/ worthless
件
くだん/example/ precedent/ the usual/ the said/ the above-mentioned/ (man) in question
口ずさむ
くちずさむ/to hum something/ to sing to oneself
嘴
くちばし/beak/ bill
朽ちる
くちる/to rot
くっきり
distinctly/ clearly/ boldly
屈折
くっせつ/bending/ indentation/ refraction
くっ付く
くっつく/to adhere to/ to keep close to
くっ付ける
くっつける/to attach
覆す
くつがえす/to overturn/ to upset/ to overthrow/ to undermine
諄い
くどい/verbose/ importunate/ heavy (taste)
国境
くにざかい/national or state border
首飾り
くびかざり/necklace
首輪
くびわ/necklace/ choker
組み合わせ
くみあわせ/combination
組み合わせる
くみあわせる/to join together/ to combine/ to join up
組み込む
くみこむ/to insert/ to include/ to cut in (printing)
蔵
くら/warehouse/ cellar/ magazine/ granary/ godown/ depository/ treasury/ elevator
苦しめる
くるしめる/to torment/ to harass/ to inflict pain
包む
くるむ/to be engulfed in/ to be enveloped by/ to wrap up/ to tuck in/ to pack/ to do up/ to cover with/ to dress i
呉れ呉れも
くれぐれも/repeatedly/ sincerely/ earnestly
呉れる
くれる/to give/ to let one have/ to do for one/ to be given
玄人
くろうと/expert/ professional/ geisha/ prostitute
黒字
くろじ/balance (figure) in the black
君主
くんしゅ/ruler/ monarch
愚痴
ぐち/idle complaint/ grumble
ぐっと
firmly/ fast/ much/ more
ぐらい
approximately
群
ぐん/group (math)
軍艦
ぐんかん/warship/ battleship
群集
ぐんしゅう/(social) group/ crowd/ throng/ mob/ multitude
軍事
ぐんじ/military affairs
軍備
ぐんび/armaments/ military preparations
軍服
ぐんぷく/military or naval uniform
刑
けい/penalty/ sentence/ punishment
頃
けい/time/ about/ toward/ approximately (time)
傾
けい/lean/ incline
系
けい/system/ lineage/ group
経過
けいか/passage/ expiration/ progress
軽快
けいかい/rhythmical (e.g. melody)/ casual (e.g. dress)/ light/ nimble
警戒
けいかい/warning/ admonition/ vigilance
計器
けいき/meter/ gauge
契機
けいき/opportunity/ chance
敬具
けいぐ/Sincerely yours
軽減
けいげん/abatement
掲載
けいさい/appearance (e.g. article in paper)
傾斜
けいしゃ/inclination/ slant/ slope/ bevel/ list/ dip
形成
けいせい/formation
形勢
けいせい/condition/ situation/ prospects
軽率
けいそつ/rash/ thoughtless/ careless/ hasty
携帯
けいたい/carrying something
形態
けいたい/form/ shape/ figure
刑罰
けいばつ/judgement/ penalty/ punishment
経費
けいひ/expenses/ cost/ outlay
警部
けいぶ/police inspector
軽蔑
けいべつ/scorn/ disdain
経歴
けいれき/personal history/ career
経路
けいろ/course/ route/ channel
汚す
けがす/to disgrace/ to dishonour
汚らわしい
けがらわしい/filthy/ unfair
汚れ
けがれ/uncleanness/ impurity/ disgrace
汚れる
けがれる/to get dirty/ to become dirty
獣
けだもの/beast/ brute
吝嗇
けち/stinginess/ miser/ miserliness/ skinflint/ tightwad/ niggard/ pinching pennies
結核
けっかく/tuberculosis/ tubercule
血管
けっかん/blood vessel
決行
けっこう/doing (with resolve)/ carrying out (i.e. a plan)
決算
けっさん/balance sheet/ settlement of accounts
決勝
けっしょう/decision of a contest/ finals (in sports)
結晶
けっしょう/crystal/ crystallization
結成
けっせい/formation
結束
けっそく/union/ unity
傑
けつ/excellence
決意
けつい/decision/ determination
決議
けつぎ/resolution/ vote/ decision
結合
けつごう/combination/ union
決断
けつだん/decision/ determination
欠乏
けつぼう/want/ shortage/ famine
蹴飛ばす
けとばす/to kick away/ to kick off/ to kick (someone)/ to refuse/ to reject
貶す
けなす/to speak ill of
煙たい
けむたい/smoky/ feeling awkward
煙る
けむる/to smoke (e.g. fire)
家来
けらい/retainer/ retinue/ servant
けれど
but/ however
圏
けん/sphere/ circle/ range
権
けん/authority/ the right (to do something)
権威
けんい/authority/ power/ influence
兼業
けんぎょう/side line/ second business
権限
けんげん/power/ authority/ jurisdiction
健在
けんざい/in good health/ well
懸賞
けんしょう/offering prizes/ winning/ reward
検事
けんじ/public prosecutor
健全
けんぜん/health/ soundness/ wholesome
見地
けんち/point of view
賢明
けんめい/wisdom/ intelligence/ prudence
倹約
けんやく/thrift/ economy/ frugality
兼用
けんよう/multi-use/ combined use/ combination/ serving two purposes
権力
けんりょく/power/ authority/ influence
劇団
げきだん/troupe/ theatrical company
激励
げきれい/encouragement
月謝
げっしゃ/monthly tuition fee
げっそり
being disheartened/ losing weight
月賦
げっぷ/monthly installment
下痢
げり/diarrhoea
原
げん/original/ primitive/ primary/ fundamental/ raw
原形
げんけい/original form/ base form
現行
げんこう/present/ current/ in operation
原作
げんさく/original work
原子
げんし/atom
元首
げんしゅ/ruler/ sovereign
原書
げんしょ/original document
減少
げんしょう/decrease/ reduction/ decline
現場
げんじょう/actual spot/ scene/ scene of the crime
元素
げんそ/chemical element
原則
げんそく/principle/ general rule
現像
げんぞう/developing (film)
現地
げんち/actual place/ local
限定
げんてい/limit/ restriction
原点
げんてん/origin (coordinates)/ starting point
原典
げんてん/original (text)
減点
げんてん/subtract/ give a demerit
原爆
げんばく/atomic bomb
原文
げんぶん/the text/ original
厳密
げんみつ/strict/ close
原油
げんゆ/crude oil
言論
げんろん/discussion
故
こ/the late (deceased)
戸
こ/counter for houses
児
こ/child/ the young of animals
巨
こ/big/ large/ great
恋する
こいする/to fall in love with/ to love