JLPT 4 Cram

Question 1

to break / to be damaged

Answer 1

壊れる / こわれる / koware / kowareta

to break, to be damaged, or to be destroyed

壊 (こわ): Means ‘break’ or ‘destroy.’
れる: Indicates the verb is intransitive (something happens on its own).

このテレビは壊れています。
Kono terebi wa kowarete imasu.
‘This TV is broken.’

地震で家が壊れた。
Jishin de ie ga kowareta.
‘The house was destroyed in the earthquake.’

Question 2

生活

Answer 2

せいかつ
life, living

Question 3

by far; much (better, etc.) continuing for a long time

Answer 3

ずっと / zutto

Question 4

Moving house

Answer 4

引っ越し
Hikkoshi

Question 5

rent

Answer 5

家賃
Yachin

Question 6

To arrive

Answer 6

着く(tsu ku)
着きます/つきます

Question 7

To borrow

Answer 7

借りる kariru

借りた / かりた

Question 8

Be careful / pay attention to

Answer 8

注意して (ちゅういして)

注意する

注 (chū): ‘To pour’ or ‘to focus.’
意 (i): ‘Mind’ or ‘intention.’

ちゅういして運転してください。
Chūi shite unten shite kudasai.
‘Please drive carefully.’

Question 9

To get used to…

Answer 9

慣れる 【なれる】iru/eru verb

もう ベトナム の 生活 に なれましたか?
もうべとなむのせいかつになれましたか?

Have you already gotten used to life in Vietnam?

Question 10

How about?’ or ‘Would you like?’

Answer 10

いかがですか?

いかが – A polite word for ‘how’ or ‘how about.’

It’s used instead of the casual どう,
ですか – The polite question-ending particle.

Together, いかがですか makes a highly respectful and considerate question.

Question 11

Sightseeing

Answer 11

けんぶつ (見物)

Ya, Ken?

Question 12

Study Abroad

Answer 12

(留学) りゅうがく

Question 13

To search / investigate / check

Answer 13

調べる 【しらべる】(shiraberu). Meaning: to investigate; to check up; to inquire; to search

Question 14

To finish something by mistake, completely, or unfortunately.

Answer 14

しまう / shimaimasu

レポートを書かいてしまった。

I have finished writing my report (completely)

Question 15

In between
(between things or a time between events)

Answer 15

Aida ni (間に) is a common grammar construction that means “between” or “in between”

Question 16

only; nothing but ~

Answer 16

ばかり

うちの子はまんがばかり読んでいます。
My kid only reads manga

This sentence expresses the meaning of doing the same thing many times, so it is appropriate to use the 「N + ばかり」

This literally means “only” or “nothing but”, and is often used to express surprise, shock, and even judgement (in a negative way).
It is not always used in a negative way, and can simply be used to say “only” or express surprise. You’ll have to interpret the intended meaning based on the context.

Question 17

to drop / to lose

Answer 17

落とす 【おとす】 (otosu)
Godan verb, Transitive verb N4

Question 18

finally; at last; ultimately; in the end​.

Answer 18

到頭 【とうとう】(toutou).

Question 19

about time; gradually; soon

Answer 19

そろそろ

It means “it’s about time” or “it’s almost time”. It’s used to signal that you’d like to leave a conversation, such as at a cafe or someone’s home. For example, you can say sorosoro ii jikan desune (そろそろいい時間ですね), which means “I think I should get going now”.

Question 20

reply; answer; response

Answer 20

へんじ / 返事

返事する

Question 21

son

Answer 21

むすこ / 息子

Question 22

congratulation; celebration;

Answer 22

お祝い 【おいわい】(oiwai).

Noun, Suru verb

私たちは家でお祝いする。
わたしたちはいえでおいわいする。
watashitachi wa ie de oiwai suru.

Question 23

‘Seems Like’ or ‘Looks Like’ (comparison/similarity)

Answer 23

ように

Noun + の ように
Verb (plain form) + ように

Question 24

(subject) speaks like a teacher.

Answer 24

先生 の ように 話します。

Question 25

‘So that’ or ‘in order to’ (purpose/goal)

Answer 25

dictionary form + ように + _________
used with verbs to express purpose or a desired outcome.

So that _________ + ________
So that I become good at Japanese, I study every day.

Question 26

I study every day so that I improve my Japanese.

In order to improve my Japanese, I study everyday.

Answer 26

日本語が上手になるように毎日勉強する。
(Nihongo ga jōzu ni naru yō ni mainichi benkyō suru.)

Question 27

Perhaps / might not (new phrase first seen in Origami King) (actually N3)

Answer 27

もしかしたら + phrase + かもしれない

もしかすると + phrase + かもしれない

Question 28

I might not be able to come tomorrow.

Answer 28

もしかしたら、明日 行けない かもしれません。

moshikashitara, ashita ikenai kamoshiremasen.

Question 29

as one would expect; as is to be expected; even (positive meaning)

Answer 29

さすが (n4)

さすが に + Verb
さすが の + Noun + (も)

Dictionary def. is “As one would expect”. But that doesn’t really do it justice.

SASUGA is a complimentary term said about someone and it means “only that person could have done that thing”.

Question 30

I knew it / as I thought

Answer 30

やっぱり

YAPPARI IKANAI MITAI.
As I thought, they are not going.

YAPPARI OMOSHIROI.
(depending on the prior conversation this could mean different things)

1. In spite of what I thought, this was interesting.
2. As I thought, this was interesting.

YAPPARI is also very commonly used alone in response to what someone says. YAPPARI! (just like I thought!)

Question 31

to take (a resource, e.g. time or money)

Answer 31

掛かる 【かかる】

Question 32

This job takes time.

Answer 32

このしごとは時間がかかる。

Question 33

How long will it take to the hotel?

Answer 33

ホテルまでどのくらいかかりますか？

Question 34

mood, ambience, ambiance, aura, feel

Answer 34

ふんいき/ 雰囲気

Question 35

Boss, supervisor, superior

Answer 35

上司 / Joushi

Question 36

mostly

Answer 36

ほとんど

Question 37

to work for (someone)

Answer 37

勤める 【つとめる】

Question 38

Rarely

Answer 38

たまに

Question 39

‘even if’ or ‘even though.

Answer 39

くても

a combination of the -く form of an い-adjective and the ても, which means ‘even if’ or ‘even though.’

Take the stem of an い-adjective (remove the い at the end). Add くても to it.

寒い (さむい) > さむくても (samukutemo): ‘Even if it’s cold’

Question 40

Even if it’s expensive, I’ll buy it.

Answer 40

高くても買います

Question 41

‘But’ or ‘Although’

Answer 41

けど

A general conjunction used to connect two contrasting ideas or to add a nuance of politeness to a sentence.
It doesn’t have the conditional meaning that くても has.

Question 42

It’s cold, but I’ll go.

Answer 42

寒い けど 行きます。 (Samui kedo ikimasu.)

Question 43

It’s expensive, but I’ll buy it.

Answer 43

高いけど買います。 (Takai kedo kaimasu.)

Question 44

“Is it good/all right?

Answer 44

よろしい (good/fine/alright)

Yoroshii desu ka?

Question 45

Now / The present (formal)

Answer 45

現在
げんざい (genzai)

Question 46

just” or “only

Answer 46

だけ

Question 47

Meaning 1 – for; in order to; for the benefit of.

Meaning 2 – because of; as a result of.

Answer 47

ために

This is used in various ways and with various different structures (which I’ll learn another time)

Question 48

immediately

Answer 48

直ぐに【すぐに】

Question 49

season

Answer 49

季節
Kisetsu