Jewish Persecution Flashcards
What is anti semitism?
Hostility or prejudice against Jewish people
What is most extreme example of anti-semitism?
Holocaust
Anti semitism in ancient Babylonia, Greece and rome?
Jews from Judea criticised for efforts to remain a separate culture.
What is anti semitism sometimes called?
Histories oldest hatred
Who first popularized the term?
Wilhelm Marr (journalist)
Ancient time uses of anti semitism
Europe in middle ages, Jews forced into ghettos
Jewish riots swept Russian empire in 19th and 20th century.
incidents have been coming back up in recent years too!
What is a ghetto?
is a part of a city in which members of a minority group live, especially as a result of social, legal, or economic pressure
Rise of Christianity and anti semitism
Early Christians vilified Judaism trying to gain converts
Accused of Jews kidnapping and murder of christian children to use blood for passover bread
What did anti-Jew policies in middle ages show?
Attitude towards religion
What were Jews denied of in Medieval Europe
Citizenship, civil liberties (including religious freedom)
Where did many Nazi Germany practices have roots from?
Medieval Europe
How did some countries distinguish Jews?
Yellow badges or hat called Judenhut
What were some Jews good at in Medieval Europe
Banking and moneylending
What did Jewish banking skills result in?
Economic resentment, forcing Jews to leave European countries in 14th and 15th centuries.
What did Poland do in 1264?
Allowed Jews personal, political and religious freedom
Hwo long until Jews got citizenships and rights in West Europe?
Late 1700s and 1800s
Nuremberg laws 1935?
Made many anti-semitism policies and defined Jews based on ancestry
How did Hitler rise in 1930s?
On a platform of German Nationalism, racial purity and global expansion
Who did Hitler blame for countries ww1 defeat and economic crisis that followed?
Jews
What did nuremberg laws stop Jews from doing?
Having citizenships and voting
What did Nazi propoganda do?
Made Germany believe Jews were different race
What was “the night of broken glass” (Nov 9-10, 1938)?
State-sponsored campaign for street violence
What happened in Kristallnacht?
Jews were targets of stigmatisation and were persecuted
In 2 days, many synogogues were burnt down in Reich and many Jewish businesses were looted.
What happened morning after Kristallnacht?
30k Jews arrested and sent to concentration camps
What were the russian pogroms?
Violent, anti-Jewish riots that were typically started locally
Where were most of pogroms held?
In ukraine, 1326 took place and many went homeless or were killed
Where were pogroms?
Belarus, Poland, Ukraine
When did Nazi’s create holocaust concentration camps?
1939-1945
What happened after creation of Jewish state in Israel in 1948?
Israelis fought for Palestine vs Arab states
End of Palestine War?
Israel kept much of Palestine, forcing out many muslims
Where did anti-semetic attacks grow in Middle East and what happened?
In arab nations, forced many Jews to leave. Conflict created over Jewish nationalism in Muslim-majority nations.
Are there many Jews left in middle eastern nations?
No
What is resentment?
Bitter indignation of being treated unfairly
What was deadliest Jewish attack in American History?
2018 Pittsburgh synagogue shooting
Are anti-semetic hate crimes up or down in recent years?
Up, especially in France (3rd largest Jew pop)
What doubled in 2018?
Anti-semetic assaults
What did islamic terrorist do in US?
Four jew hostages were murdered at a supermarket
What is the ADL?
Jewish civil rights organisation
Issues of money?
Church forbade Christians to lend money to each other money and charge interest but this was one of the exceptions as they were good bankers
Crusades
When the Christian Crusades started in 1095, the Crusaders attacked Jewish communities on their way to the ‘Holy Land’. The Crusaders had been taught that it was important to fight against non-believers and Jews were the non-believers in their midst.
Crusade specifications
Jews were not allowed to own property, to join the trade guilds or to move about freely; and in 1215 the Church required that Jews throughout Christendom be marked out with a special badge to identify them
Who were the crusades?
The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period
