Jeopardy Review Flashcards
The VA found that more patients taking placebo to manage hypertension discontinue treatment because of side effects than those taking these medications.
ACEs, thiazide, calcium channel blockers
What hypertension med should you rx if your patient has diabetes and/or renal disease AND HTN?
ACE or an ARB
For HF patients with reduced ejection fraction: an ACE or an ARB, a beta blocker, an aldosterone antagonist, SGLT2 inhibitors, or an ARNI
This non-diuretic, but commonly used antihypertensive agent is NOT one of the 4 pillars of GDMT because medication in this class do not have a proven mortality beenfit.
What are calcium channel blockers?
These antihypertensive medications can cause peripheral edema via arteriolar vasodilation resulting in increasing capillary pressure.
What are calcium channel blockers?
This highly effective group 3 anti-arrhythmic agents prolongs the action potential duration and the refractory period via K channel blockade. Also has calcium channel, and beta blocker properties.
What is amiodarone?
These antihypertensive medications reverse peripheral edema caused by arteriolar vasodilation (calcium channel antagonists)
ARB
This beta lactam antibiotic can be safely prescribed in patients having a history of a type I HSR reaction.
What is aztreonam?
When compared to less than recommended doses of enalapril in patients with reduced EF, this medication improved mortality for 1 out of 36 patients, but one out of 8 will drop out due to symptomatic hypotension. THe cost benefit is around $650 per month.
What is Entresto?
This longer acting agent for nodal reentry tachycardia is an alternative for patients not at risk for hypotension.
What is a non-DHP (diltiazem, verapamil)?
Key questions to ask your patients who have a history of an allergic reaction to penicillin.
Characteristics and severity of the reaction?
What happened when it was discontinued
Has the patient taken abx similar to pencillin before or after the rxn? What happened?
This class of medications inhibits thromboxane and can also inhibit prostacyclin synthesis
NSAIDs
This anti-arrhythmic medication is also an endogenous compound, and is the first line treatment for conversion of PSVT to sinus rhythm.
What is adenosine?
Control of hypertension. Maybe use of an ARB, or aldosterone antagonist, or an SGLT2 inhibitor, and maybe women with an LVEF between 45-47%.
What are recommended treatments for HFpEF?
This medication prevents binding of fibrinogen and vWF to the GPIIb/IIIa receptor.
What is the MOA of eptifibatide or tirofiban)
This class of medications on the distal tubule to reduce sodium resorption, basically putting patients on a low sodium diet.
What are thiazide diuretics?
Use of this beta blocker adds a mortality benefit when appropriately used in patients with heart failure
What is metoprolol succinate or carvedilol?
Atorvastatin and rosuvastatin classification?
High intensity statins
OK to use a full dose 3rd or 4th generation cephalosporin when…
Patients who have a mild, non IgE mediated reaction to penicillin
Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by this analgesic can result in increased synthesis of leukotrienes resulting in bronchoconstriction?
What is aspirin?
This medication inhibits platelet
This nitrate is essentially a longer acting nitroglycerin
What is isosorbid dinitrate?
Non DHP CCBs acrting preferentially on nodal tissue to block the slow inward calcium channel. Used for long term control of the ventricular rate in patients with atrial fibrillation or flutter that also have asthma
What are verapimil or diltiazem?
In IHD these agents decrease oxygen demand.
What are organic nitrates, beta blockers, and some CCBs?
In IHD these medications increase oxygen supply.
What are vasodilators?
