Cardio Quiz - Arrhythmia Flashcards
Which statement about the MOA of amiodarone is NOT correct?
A) Prolongs the action potential duration (and the QT interval on the ECG) by blockade of K channels
B) Blocks inactivated sodium channels
C) Reverses electrolyte imbalances, restores patency of coronary arteries, and balances pH
D) Has weak adrenergic and calcium channel blocking actions
C
One of the following statements about the MOA of antiarrhythmic agents is NOT correct. Identify the correct statement.
A) Block sodium channels
B) Block calcium channels
C) Block potassium channels
D) Block premium cable TV channels
D
Which statement best describes the common factors thought to precipitate cardiac arrhythmias?
A) Ischemia, acidosis-alkalosis, electrolyte abnormalities, adverse drug reactions
B) Contrast studies, statins, echocardiograms
C) MCQ exams, capstone projects, moving
D) None of the above
A
Therapeutically useful antiarrhythmic medications:
A) Open the sodium channel and enhance conduction
B) Reduce conduction and excitability and increase the refractory period to a greater extent in depolarized tissue than in normally polarized tissue
C) Shorten the refractory period to cancel out blocked impulses
D) Activate the sympathetic nervous system to enhance contractility
B
Identify the correct maintenance dose for amiodarone:
A) To control supraventricular arrhythmia the maintenance dose is 800 to 1600 mg orally each day
B) To control SVT arrhythmia the maintenance dose is 50 mg/kg orally each day
C) To control SVT start at 200 mg orally a day, and double the dose every other day until the dose is up to 2 grams per day
D) To control SVT arrhythmia the maintenance dose is usually 200 mg orally each day
D
Which statement about amiodarone is NOT correct?
A) Amiodarone has a short half life, and is eliminated entirely by the kidney
B) Amiodarone accumulates in the heart, lung, liver, skin and tears
C) Dose related pulmonary toxicity is the most important adverse effect
D) Amiodarone can interfere with the metabolism of many drugs including statins warfarin, and digoxin
E) Use of amiodarone may result in hypo or hyperthyroidism
A - amiodarone has a LONG half life and is almost entirely eliminated by the liver
This question refers to medications used to treat congestive heart failure. Match the class of medication with the most correct MOA.
Loop diuretics such as furosemide
ACE inhibitors
Beta adrenergic antagonists
Digoxin
A) Decrease preload by decreasing vascular fluid volume
B) Inhibits Na-K-ATPase which increases intracellular calcium, resulting in vagomimetic action and positive ionotropic action
C) Decrease afterload by decreasing total peripheral resistance by inhibiting angiotensin II induced vasoconstriction
D) Reduce sympathetic activity
Loop diuretics such as furosemide: Decrease preload by decreasing vascular fluid volume
ACE inhibitor: Decrease afterload by decreasing total peripheral resistance by inhibiting angiotensin II induced vasoconstriction
Beta adrenergic antagonists: Reduce sympathetic activity
Digoxin: Inhibits Na-K-ATPase which increases intracellular calcium, resulting in vagomimetic action and positive ionotropic action
Identify the correct initial starting dose.
A) In heart failure start oral digoxin at 250 mcg per day, increase the dose by 125 mcg per day on alternating days until the daily oral dose exceeds 1000 mcg per day
B) The usual initial oral dose of metoprolol XL for heart failure is 50-100 mg twice a day
C) The usual initial dose of lisinopril for heart failure is 5 mg orally once a day. The usual maintenance dose ranges from 5-20 mg daily.
D) In heart failure start oral furosemide at 200-400 mg every 6 hours.
C
Which statement about carvedilol is correct?
A) Carvedilol is a cardioselective beta antagonist
B) Carvedilol is a combined alpha and non selective beta blocker
C) Carvedilol and labetalol have balanced alpha and beta blocking action
D) Carvedilol is contraindicated in heart failure
B
Identify the true statement regarding beta blockers?
A) Beta blockers are not indicated inthe management of atrial tachycardia or atrial fibrillation
B) Beta blockers are first line medications for the treatment of AV heart block
C) Beta blockers are first line antihypertensive agents in patients who have had a myocardial infarction
D) using nonselective beta blockers like propanolol provides the added advantage of enhancing bronchodilation
C
