Jeopardy Game: Seizure/Degenerative Disease

Question 1

Seizure

Answer 1

Disturbance of electrical activity in the brain that may affect consciousness, motor activity, and sensation

Question 2

Parkinson’s Disease

Answer 2

Degenerative disorder of the nervous system caused by a deficiency of the Neurotransmitter DOPAMINE results in disturbances of muscle movement

Question 3

Extrapyramidal Side Effects

Answer 3

Symptoms of:

1. Acute dystonia
2. Akathisia
3. Parkinsonism
4. Tardive dyskinesia

Question 4

Acetylcholine

Answer 4

Neurotransmitter of the PNS
-Often present at somatic neuromuscular junctions
& sympathetic preganglionic nerves

Question 5

Status Epilepticus

Answer 5

Condition characterized by:

-Repeated seizures or one prolonged seizure lasting greater than 30 minutes

Question 6

3 signs of a seizure

Answer 6

1. Sudden violent shaking
2. Muscle twitching
3. Altered vision
4. Loss of consciousness
5. Tremors

Question 7

Neurotransmitters involved in Parkinson’s Disease

Answer 7

Acetylcholine and Dopamine

Question 8

Goal of Pharmacotherapy for Parkinson’s

Answer 8

Pt is able to carry out ADL’s

Question 9

Drug compliance w/ seizure meds

Answer 9

You want to maintain serum blood levels

** Must discontinue seizure meds over a period of 6-12 weeks

Question 10

Anti-seizure Meds and Pregnant Women

-Teaching

Answer 10

Most med’s are Pregnancy Category D

Question 11

Anti-seizure and parkinson’s drug

-Time of day dosing?

Answer 11

Take medication at the same time every day

Question 12

Pt’s and new medications

Answer 12

Make sure pt’s consult MD before starting new meds to limit interactions and adverse effects

Question 13

Stopping Seizure Medication

Answer 13

If you abruptly stop seizure meds, Seizures will likely occur

-Must withdraw medication over a period of 6-12 weeks.

Question 14

Treating Seizures

Answer 14

Medications are started at a low dose and gradually increased until seizure control is achieved.
If activity continues, a new drug is added in a low dose and the former drug will be slowly decreased

Question 15

Barbiturates Cause What major adverse effect?

Answer 15

CNS Depression

Question 16

Dilantin

-Adverse effect

Answer 16

Dilantin can cause gingival hypertrophy

Question 17

Drugs that Potentiate GABA

-Adverse effects

Answer 17

CNS depression

Question 18

Anti-cholinergic Drug

-Adverse Effects

Answer 18

1. Dry Mouth
2. Blurred Vision
3. Tachycardia
4. Urinary retention
5. Constipation

Question 19

Succinimides

-Adverse effects

Answer 19

1. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
2. Leukopenia
3. Aplastic Anemia

Question 20

Dopamine & Acetylcholine are responsible for what??

Answer 20

Balance, posture, muscle tone, and involuntary muscle movement depend on the balance between acetylcholine and dopamine

Question 21

Bradykinesia

Answer 21

Most noticeable of Parkinson Disease symptoms:

1. Difficulty Chewing
2. Difficulty Swallowing, speaking
3. Fine muscle movements and shuffling

Question 22

Parkinson’s Medication

-Focuses on?

Answer 22

Restoring dopamine and blocking acetylcholine

Question 23

How does anti-seizure medication work?

Answer 23

Suppresses neuronal activity just enough to prevent abnormal or repetitive firing.
3 Mechanisms:
1. Stimulate influx of chloride ions (GABA)
2. Delay influx of sodium
3. Delay influx of calcium

Question 24

Epilepsy

Answer 24

Recurrent seizures due to a chronic condition, rather than an acute cerebral insult

Question 25

Convulsion

Answer 25

Abnormal involuntary contraction of muscles, due to rapid brain firing that occurs in seizures, whether they are epileptic or not