Jefferson Era Review Flashcards
Who were the Democratic-Republican candidates in the election of 1800 and who were the Federalist candidates in the election of 1800.
Democratic-Republican: Thomas Jefferson, Aaron Burr
Federalist: John Adams, Charles Pinckney, John Jay
How many electoral votes did Jefferson and Burr tie with?
73, (Adam’s recieved 65, Pinckney 64, Jay 1)
According to the constitution, what happens in the event of a tie?
The House of Representatives decides
What did the 12th amendment do?
Established separate ballots for president and vice president
What did the peaceful transition between presidents ensure for the nation?
That the national government was strong
What did Jefferson’s inauguration speech say?
It reiterated the need for a limited government.
Who was Jefferson’s Secretary of State?
James Madison (a future president)
Who was Jefferson’s Secretary of Treasury?
Albert Gallatin
What did Jefferson do about the Alien and Sedition acts?
He allowed them to expire
What did Jefferson do about the military?
He lowered military spending and reduced the size of the army & navy
What were Jefferson’s functions of the federal government?
protect from foreign threat, deliver the mail, collect custom duties (taxes)
What did Jefferson decide to do with the bank of the US?
He decided to keep the bank open even though he used to hate the idea
What did Jefferson do about the whiskey tax?
He asked his Secretary of Treasury, Gallatin to get rid of it.
Explain the Marbury vs. Madison case…
At the end of Adam’s presidency, he tried to pack the courts with all federal judges. The new president, Jefferson, told the Secretary of State, Madison to deny them their positions. William Marbury sued to force Madison to give him is position. The Supreme Court said that it went against the constitution because they didn’t have the power to make those laws. It was important because it shows that the Supreme Court has the power to declare laws unconstitutional and it gives the Supreme Court FINAL AUTHORITY over the constitution. (Judicial Review)
In the Marbury Vs. Madison case, what did the Supreme Court claim after Marbury sued Madison?
The Supreme Court claimed that it would be unconstitutional because they didn’t have the power to make those laws.
Why was the Marbury V. Madison case important? What impact did it have?
It was important because it was the first case where the Supreme Court was able to show their power by declaring actions unconstitutional and because it showed that the S.C had final authority over the constitution. They used Judicial Review.
What is judicial review?
A power that the S.C has that allows them to check the other branches.
What was the purpose of the Lewis and Clark expedition?
To explore the Louisiana Purchase and to get to know the natives better.
Who led the Lewis and Clark Expedition?
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark led the expedition
Where and when did the Lewis and Clark expedition begin? end?
It began near St. Louis in May 1804
“Reached the Pacific Ocean in November 1805”
How did they talk to the leaders of the peoples they met on the Lewis and Clark expedition?
They used interpreters
Who was Sacagawea?
Sacagawea was a Shoshone women who served as a guide and interpreter.
How many skilled frontiersmen were in the Lewis and Clark Expedition?
50 skilled frontiersman
What was Jefferson’s Foreign Policy?
Nationalism
