Jefferson Era Review

Question 1

Who were the Democratic-Republican candidates in the election of 1800 and who were the Federalist candidates in the election of 1800.

Answer 1

Democratic-Republican: Thomas Jefferson, Aaron Burr

Federalist: John Adams, Charles Pinckney, John Jay

Question 2

How many electoral votes did Jefferson and Burr tie with?

Answer 2

73, (Adam’s recieved 65, Pinckney 64, Jay 1)

Question 3

According to the constitution, what happens in the event of a tie?

Answer 3

The House of Representatives decides

Question 4

What did the 12th amendment do?

Answer 4

Established separate ballots for president and vice president

Question 5

What did the peaceful transition between presidents ensure for the nation?

Answer 5

That the national government was strong

Question 6

What did Jefferson’s inauguration speech say?

Answer 6

It reiterated the need for a limited government.

Question 7

Who was Jefferson’s Secretary of State?

Answer 7

James Madison (a future president)

Question 8

Who was Jefferson’s Secretary of Treasury?

Answer 8

Albert Gallatin

Question 9

What did Jefferson do about the Alien and Sedition acts?

Answer 9

He allowed them to expire

Question 10

What did Jefferson do about the military?

Answer 10

He lowered military spending and reduced the size of the army & navy

Question 11

What were Jefferson’s functions of the federal government?

Answer 11

protect from foreign threat, deliver the mail, collect custom duties (taxes)

Question 12

What did Jefferson decide to do with the bank of the US?

Answer 12

He decided to keep the bank open even though he used to hate the idea

Question 13

What did Jefferson do about the whiskey tax?

Answer 13

He asked his Secretary of Treasury, Gallatin to get rid of it.

Question 14

Explain the Marbury vs. Madison case…

Answer 14

At the end of Adam’s presidency, he tried to pack the courts with all federal judges. The new president, Jefferson, told the Secretary of State, Madison to deny them their positions. William Marbury sued to force Madison to give him is position. The Supreme Court said that it went against the constitution because they didn’t have the power to make those laws. It was important because it shows that the Supreme Court has the power to declare laws unconstitutional and it gives the Supreme Court FINAL AUTHORITY over the constitution. (Judicial Review)

Question 15

In the Marbury Vs. Madison case, what did the Supreme Court claim after Marbury sued Madison?

Answer 15

The Supreme Court claimed that it would be unconstitutional because they didn’t have the power to make those laws.

Question 16

Why was the Marbury V. Madison case important? What impact did it have?

Answer 16

It was important because it was the first case where the Supreme Court was able to show their power by declaring actions unconstitutional and because it showed that the S.C had final authority over the constitution. They used Judicial Review.

Question 17

What is judicial review?

Answer 17

A power that the S.C has that allows them to check the other branches.

Question 18

What was the purpose of the Lewis and Clark expedition?

Answer 18

To explore the Louisiana Purchase and to get to know the natives better.

Question 19

Who led the Lewis and Clark Expedition?

Answer 19

Meriwether Lewis and William Clark led the expedition

Question 20

Where and when did the Lewis and Clark expedition begin? end?

Answer 20

It began near St. Louis in May 1804

“Reached the Pacific Ocean in November 1805”

Question 21

How did they talk to the leaders of the peoples they met on the Lewis and Clark expedition?

Answer 21

They used interpreters

Question 22

Who was Sacagawea?

Answer 22

Sacagawea was a Shoshone women who served as a guide and interpreter.

Question 23

How many skilled frontiersmen were in the Lewis and Clark Expedition?

Answer 23

50 skilled frontiersman

Question 24

What was Jefferson’s Foreign Policy?

Answer 24

Nationalism

Question 25

Who was Napolean?

Answer 25

Napolean was a French leader.

Question 26

What were the pros and cons to the US’s neutrality?

Answer 26

Pro- During the Napoleonic Wars, the US was making money from supplying to both slides.
Con- risk of ships being seized or blown up

Question 27

What were GB and France’s problems involving the Embargo Act of 1807?

Answer 27

Both destroyed each other’s economies by using blockades and embargoes to destroy each other’s economies.
Many US merchants were using petty tricks to get around their embargos.

Question 28

What is impressment?

Answer 28

Impressment is the act of forcing someone to be in the military.

Question 29

What country was using impressment?

Answer 29

Great Britain

Question 30

What was the punishment for leaving the British navy?

Answer 30

Flogging (hanging)

Question 31

Why did people want to leave the Royal Navy, where were many of them going?

Answer 31

People wanted to leave the Royal Navy because it was “horrid”