Age of Jackson UNIT Test Flashcards
What was the Monroe Doctrine?
In a speech to Congress Pres, James Monroe declared that the US would stay out of European Wars, would not interfere with the existing colonies in the Western hemisphere, the Western hemisphere was closed to future colonization, and that if any European power tried to control any nation in the Western hemisphere, then the US would view this as an attack on themselves.
What is the Monroe Doctrine a continuation of?
The Neutrality Proclamation that the US would remain neutral to any foreign wars and affairs.
Why was the US considered the “big brother” when talking about the Monroe Doctrine?
Bc we had just won the War of 1812 and became the strongest nation in the Western Hemisphere.
What was the US doing when declaring the Monroe Doctrine?
Making themselves a sovergn nation.
Why did the US make the Monroe Doctrine?
Bc of trade and they still have a very strong sense of nationalism and pride from winning the War of 1812.
What was Andrew Jackson’s nickname and why?
He was nicknamed “old hickory” for his toughness
What did Andrew Jackson’s past look like before he became president?
He was a major general in the War of 1812. He won the US major victories in the Battle of Horseshoe Bend and the Battle of New Orleans. He had also led a campaign against Seminole and Creek Indians.
Who were the main candidates in the Election of 1824?
Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adams
What is some background information about John Quincy Adams?
He came from a wealthy family. He was the son of John Adams. He had strong support in New England. He favored internal improvements like the National Road and Erie Canal.
Who received the most votes in the election of 1824?
Andrew Jackson received the most popular and electoral votes
How did John Quincy Adams win the election despite Jackson receiving the most votes?
Adams won the election despite Jackson winning the most votes because despite Jackson winning the most, Jackson didn’t win the majority of the votes that he needed. So the votes went to the HOR and the Corrupt Bargain took place. Because of the Corrupt Bargain took place, Henry Clay convinced the HOR to vote for Adams and Adams won.
How many candidates ran in the election of 1824?
4 democratic-republicans ran in the election of 1824
Where did John Quincy Adams have strong support?
New England
Explain the Corrupt Bargain.
Henry Clay convinced the House of Representatives to vote for Adams so long as when Adams became president, Henry Clay would be the Secretary of State.
Who was the beneficiary of the Corrupt Bargain?
John Quincy Adams
Who was the mastermind of the Corrupt Bargain?
Henrey Clay
Who was the victim of the Corrupt Bargain?
Andrew Jackson
Why were people supportive of Andrew Jackson?
- Ppl loved him bc he was a common man, born poor, military, and was a hard worker.
- Supported removing the property qualifications for voting
How is Andrew Jackson seen, nickname?
“Man of the people”
What were some key differences between the election of 1824 and the election of 1832?
There were four canidates in 1824 to two in 1832
They removed the land qualifications for voting so more ppl voted
There were new political parties, Democratic and Republican (before was just Demo-Republican party)
Some states switched to Jackson
Who were the two main candidates in the election of 1828?
John Adams and Andrew Jackson
What number president was Andrew Jackson?
7th
What does Pres. Jackson do with bureaucrats?
He fires hundreds of them (from DC) and replaces them with his supporters. Almost rewarding them for supporting his campeign.
Why was replacing bureaucratus with supporters messed up of Jackson?
bc they might not be qualified for the job
Explain the Nullification Crisis.
South Carolina doesn’t like the federal tariff of 1832. South Carolina claimed that it can nullify the tariff. Jackson threatens to send the military to collect tariffs.
How did Andrew Jackson view the national bank?
He viewed it as a tool for the wealthy -> rich stays rich, poor stays poor
What does Andrew Jackson do because he doesn’t like the national bank?
He vetos its charter in 1832
What does Andrew Jackson do with the federal money that was in the National Bank?
He moves the money into state banks
Describe the Panic of 1837.
Andrew Jackson vetos the National Banks charter and placed all the money in state banks. This caused inflation and the panic of 1834?
How did most Americans view native americans back then?
Like they were in the way of growing America as a whole.
What three things are a part of Andrew Jackson’s legacy?
He created the modern democratic party, he protected popular democracy, and he expanded the use of presidential veto.
What year was the case Johnson v. M’intosh and what did it state?
1823, states that American citizens could not purchase land from Native Americans.
What was on the Native American land that made it seem so valuable?
Gold and prime farmland
Who were the five civilized tribes?
Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminole
What did the Indian Removal Act actually state?
Allowed the president to make treaties with Native Americans
What did Jackson do when the Native Americans wouldn’t sign the treaty?
He sent the military
Who was Andrew Jackson’s vice president?
John C. Calhoun
What was the Tariff of Abominations?
A high tariff of wool (good 4 north, bad 4 south)
What causes the Panic of 1837?
Jackson got rid of the national bank
Who won the election in 1840?
William Henry Harrison
What was william henry harrison famous for?
Battle of Tippecanoe
What happens to William Henry Harrison 30 days after his inauguration?
He dies from pneumonia because he gave a really long speech without a jacket.
What is spoils systems?
The practice of giving government jobs to political bakers
What was the kitchen cabinet?
an informal group of trusted advisors who sometimes met in the Whitehouse kitchen
What is the North’s economy like?
based on trade and manufacturing (supported tariffs bc it helped them compete with British factories)
What was the South’s economy like?
based on farming (didn’t support tariffs bc it made things harder for them) also relied on slaves
What was the West’s economy like?
frontier economy focused on agriculture and transportation
What did the case Worchester v. Georgia state?
the Cherokee nation was a distinct community in which the laws in Georgia had no effect
What was the Oregon Trail?
The trail pioneers took
What was the leading cause of death on the Oregon Trail?
Choleria
Why were people even traveling on the Oregon Trail in the first place?
to escape the crushing economic depression that was sweeping over the country.
What was at the end of the Oregon Trail?
Willamete Valley
How long did it take the pioneers traveling on the Oregon trail and how many miles?
6 months 2,000 miles
Who is the man that discovered the gold that started the gold rush?
James Marshall
What was the cause of many of the deaths during the gold rush?
Racism and crime
What did the treaty of Guadalope-Hidaglo do
Ceded the land in California to the United States
What different conditions did the gold miners suffer?
extreme heat, it got more and more difficult, area got more and more crowded, bad food, extreme environmental dangers.
What was the Mexican Cession and what year?
1848, the treaty of guadalupe-hidaglo ended the Mexican-American war and mexico ceded southwest to the US.
What was the Gadsden Purchase and what year?
1853, US paid Mexico $10 million for a strip on land needed to build a southern transcontinental railroad.
