Jaundice Flashcards
What is bilirubin?
by product of the break down of red blood cells and mainly occurs in the spleen
What is bilirubin used for to produce? where is this product made?
bile in the liver
Where does bile travel to?
the biliary tree
What is the function of the gall bladder?
involved in storage and concentration of the bile.
What is bile used for?
the normal absorption of fats from the small intestine
What are the 3 functions of the liver
glycogen storage bile secretion other metabolic activities
Which ribs are the liver protected by?
7-11
What are the 4 anatomical lobes of the liver called?
right and left lobe caudate lobe and quadrate lobe
What are the two ligaments in the liver?
Falciform ligament and round ligament
There are 8 functional segments of the liver, what 4 tubes do they include?
- Branch of a hepatic artery
- Branch of a hepatic portal vein
- Bile drainage (to bile duct)
- Venous drainage (to IVC)
What does an increase in central venous pressure cause?
IVC and hepatic vein lack valves therefore liver congestion can occur
•The hepatic veins directing ….. blood from the …… come together as 3 veins before entering……
deoxygenated, liver, IVC
which ligament does the portal triad run within
hepatoduodenal ligament
the first of the 3 midline abdominal aortic branches are split into which 3 arteries?
- splenic
- left gastric
- common hepatic artery
the spleen is protected by which ribs?
ribs 9-11
What are the major supplies of blood to stomach?
right and left gastric arteries
right and left gastro-omental arteries
What is the blood supply to the liver?
hepatic portal vein (75%) right and left hepatic artery that branches from hepatic artery proper (25%)
Learn this image and repeat
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What are the 2 clinically important sections of the peritoneal cavity related to liver?
Hepatorenal recess (morrisons pouch)
sub-phrenic recess
What is the condition called and what occurs when there is a collection of puss in the 2 major recesses of the liver?
peritonitis-abscess formation
What is the function of the hepatic portal vein
drains blood from foregut (splenic), midgut (superior mesenteric) and hindgut(inferior mesenteric drains into splenic) for first-pass metabolism and drains in to the IVC leading to right atrium
bile drains out of gall bladder via……duct?
cystic
blood supply to the gall bladder via?
cystic artery which is the branch of the right hepatic artery
what are the 4 ducts that make the billiary tree?
Common hepatic duct
right and left hepatic duct
cystic duct
Where does the duodenum begin and end?
begins at pyloric sphincter and ends in gastrojejunal flexure
What are the 2 functions of the pancreas?
exocrine- acinar cells-pancreatic digestive enzymes into main pancreatic duct
Endocrine-hormones-islet of Langerhans produce hormones such as insulin and glucagon and pass into blood stream
bile duct joins with the main …..duct to form the ….of vater. both then drain in the 2nd part of the …….. this joining in the duodenum is known as the sphincter of…..
pancreatic
ampulla of vater
duodenum
oddi
What are the two ways the biliary tree can be obstructed?
- gall stones formation
- carcinoma at the head of the pancreas
What does the blockage of gall bladder lead to?
flow of bile back up in liver that overspills into the blood stream
What are the blood supplies to the duodenum and the pancreas?
gastroduodenal artery
splenic artery
superior mesenteric artery
superior and inferior pancreatoduodenal artery
What is the cause of pancreatitis?
blockage of the ampulla by a gallstone leading to bile diverted to pancreas leading to inflammation
