Jasmine Elizalde - Chapter 3 Vocabulary Flashcards
confederation
type of government in which the national government derives its powers from the states; a league of independent states.
Iroquois Confederacy
a political alliance of American Indian tribes established in the 17th century that features aspects of the federal system of government adapted by the Framers.
monarchy
a form of government in which power is vested in hereditary kings and queens who govern the entire society.
totalitarianism
a form of government in which power resides in leaders who rule by force in their own self interest and without regard to rights and liberties.
oligarchy
form of government in which the right to participate depends on the possessions of wealth, social statues, military position, or achievement.
democracy
a system of government that gives power to the people, whether directly or through elected representatives.
federal system
system of government in which the national government and state governments share power and derive all authority from the people.
unitary system
system of government in which the local and regional governments derive all authority from a strong national government.
enumerated powers
the powers of the national government specifically granted to Congress in Article I, section 8 of the Constitution.
implied powers
the powers of the national government derived from the enumerated powers and the necessary and proper clause.
tenth amendment
the final part of the Bill of Rights that defines the basic principle of American federalism in stating that the powers not delegated to the national government are reserved to the states or to the people.
reserved powers
powers reserved to the states by the 10th amend. that lie a the foundation of a state’s right to legislate for the public health and welfare of its citizens.
concurrent powers
powers shared by the national and state governments.
bill of attainder
a law declaring an act illegal without a judicial trial.
ex post facto law
law that makes an act punishable as a crime, even if the action was legal at the time it was committed.
full faith and credit clause
section of article iv of the constitution that ensures judicial decrees and contracts made in one state will be binding and enforceable in any other states.
privileges and immunities clause
part of article iv of the constitution guaranteeing that the citizens of each state are affordable the same rights as citizens of all other states.
extradition clause
part of article iv of the constitution that requires states to extradite, or return, criminals to states where they have been convicted or are to stand trial.
interstate compacts
contracts between states that carry the force of law; generally now used as a tool to address multistate policy concerns.
Dillon’s Rule
a premise articulated by Judge John F. Dillon in 1868 which states that local governments do not have any instead must be authorized by state governments that can create or abolish them.
charter
a document that, like a constitution, specifies the basic policies, procedures, and institutions of local governments must be approved by state legislatures.
counties
the basic administrative units of local government.