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Geog - Population and the Environment > Japan Case Study > Flashcards

Japan Case Study Flashcards

1
Q

What was Japan’s total population in 2014?

A

127.9 million.

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2
Q

What was Japan’s population density in 2014?

A

337 per km squared.

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3
Q

What is Japan’s topography like?

A

Fertile valleys and narrow coastal plains where most of the population is concentrated.

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4
Q

What percentage of Japan’s land is mountainous?

A

70%

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5
Q

Where is the population most commonly spread?

A

Densely in urban areas.

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6
Q

What is Japan’s climate like?

A

Mainly temperate but ranges from long cold winters in Hokkaido in the North to subtropical weather in Okinawa, where the mean temperature in January is 17 degrees.

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7
Q

Which natural hazard does Japan encounter every year?

A

Typhoons during late summer.

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8
Q

What causes Japan’s frequent natural hazards?

A

Due to being situated where multiple tectonic plates meet.

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9
Q

Volcanic activity has provided Japan with what natural benefit?

A

Fertile soils.

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10
Q

What has been the benefit of fertile soils for Japan?

A

They have fostered intensive agricultural production causing the population to grow and thrive.

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11
Q

How has the population overcome limitations to agricultural practices from natural hazards?

A

By terracing the relief of the landscape to increase farmland availability.

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12
Q

The archipelagic nature of Japan has meant what for it’s population?

A

There was a strong fishing industry which provides for the population.

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13
Q

What is Japan’s culture?

A

Very traditional and paternalistic.

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14
Q

Where does Japan place in global economy?

A

4th, behind USA, China and Germany.

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15
Q

What is the GNI per capita?

A

US$48,324

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16
Q

What is the traditional structure of the Japanese workforce?

A

Male-dominated.

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17
Q

How has the Japanese workforce changed as the industry moved towards a post-industrial service economy?

A

Well-educated women have become an increasingly important part of the workforce.

18
Q

How does an increase in women in the workforce affect population growth?

A

More women working may distract from baby-making, or focusing on education and career before having children hinders birth.

19
Q

What is the birth rate in Japan?

A

8.3/1,000

20
Q

What is Japan’s fertility rate?

A

1.4/1,000

21
Q

What is japan’s death rate?

A

9.9/1,000

22
Q

What is the general trend with Japan’s population?

A

A natural decrease in population which only stabilised because of migration.

23
Q

What stage of the DTM is Japan in?

A

Stage 5.

24
Q

How much is Japan’s population estimated to decrease by, by 2050?

A

30%

25
Q

How much is Japan’s population estimated to decline by, by the end of the century?

A

50%.

26
Q

What is Japan’s average life expectancy?

A

83.

27
Q

In 2013, what percentage of Japan’s population is over 65?

A

23.9%.

28
Q

In 2013, what percentage of Japan’s population was comprised by young dependants?

A

13.5%.

29
Q

In 2013, what percentage of Japan’s population was economically active?

A

62.6%.

30
Q

By 2025, what percentage of Japan’s population is estimated to be over 65?

A

33%.

31
Q

By 2050, what percentage of Japan’s population is estimated to be over 65?

A

38%.

32
Q

What will be the result of Japan’s ‘demographic time bomb’?

A

There will not be enough young people to replace the elderly and so the population will become unsustainable.

33
Q

How has good healthcare caused an ageing population?

A

By being able to cure illnesses, and by providing high living standards, life expectancy is high.

34
Q

How has low fat diets caused an ageing population?

A

Causes fewer obesity and heart problems.

35
Q

How has educated women caused an ageing population?

A

By focusing on education and career for longer than traditionally, women may face fertility problems which come with age, or decide against having children at all.

36
Q

How has religious or social taboos caused an ageing population?

A

Fewer social and religious taboos encourages contraception which is accessible and widely used.

37
Q

How has price of schooling caused an ageing population?

A

The price to send your children to school in Japan has increased, many can only afford to send one child.

38
Q

What percentage of Japan’s government budget is spent on pensions and social security for the elderly?

A

25%

39
Q

What percentage of Japan’s government spending is on the elderly?

A

40%.

40
Q
A

Geog - Population and the Environment (11 decks)

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