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Infect & Immune 1 JAL & MW > JAL L6 Inhibitors of protein synthesis > Flashcards

JAL L6 Inhibitors of protein synthesis Flashcards

1
Q

Inhibitors of protein synthesis tend to be static or cidal?

A

Static

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2
Q

Inhibitors of cell wall synth cause the most problems because…

A

Process is similar in eukaryotes, therefore toxic effects

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3
Q

Ribosomal ‘s’ is a unit of ….

A

density

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4
Q

e.g. of aminoglycosides?

A

gentamycin

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5
Q

Aminoglycosides are for aerobic or anaerobic?

A

aerobic (e.g septacimia, complicated UTI, nosocomial RTI)

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6
Q

Aminoglycosides are for gram ….

A

-ve, also some +ve

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7
Q

Aminoglycosides bind ……..

mode of action……

A

bind to 30S subunit

reduce assembly of the initiation complex

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8
Q

Aminoglycosides penetrate inside cells?

A

No. Poor penetration in CSF too.

Cross the placenta though.

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9
Q

Aminoglycosides are administered via…

A

IV, IM, or topically for wounds.

Not absorbed by the gut.

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10
Q

s/e Aminoglycosides

A

Nephrotoxic

Ototoxic

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11
Q

Oxazolidinones e.g.

A

linezolid

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12
Q

Oxazolidinones are active against gram

A

+ve

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13
Q

Oxazolidinones are active against what evil disease

A

MRSA (and vancomycin resistant enterococci)

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14
Q

Linezolid binds to …..

mode of action….

A

23S rRNA in 50S subunit

reduces assembly of the initiation complex

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15
Q

Linezolid is administered…

A

orally or IV

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16
Q

s/e of linezolid

A 
GIT
hypersensitivity
headache
SEVERE:
pseudomembranous colitis
allergy
thrombocytopenia
pancytopenia
neuropathy
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17
Q

Tetracyclines are broad or narrow spectrum?

A

broad

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18
Q

e.g. of Tetracyclines

A

doxycycline

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19
Q

Tetracyclines given orally for….

A

RTI, acne, chlmydia

20
Q

Many ……….(2)……….. species are now resistant to tetracyclines

A

Staph and strep

21
Q

Tetracyclines bind to….

mode of action

A

30S ribosomal subunit

Reduces tRNA binding to site A

22
Q

Tetracyclines are administered…

A

orally (although absorption is reduced by cations)

23
Q

Tetracyclines are distributed to the fetus?

and the CSF?

A

Y

N

24
Q

s/e Tetracyclines

A 
GIT
irritant
superinfection
deposition forming in bones/teeth
kidney and liver damage
phototoxicity
25
Q

An alternative to penicillin for treating strp. infections

A

macrolides/ketolides

26
Q

e.g. of a macrolide

A

erythromycin

27
Q

Uses of macrolides

A

RTI, STI, GIT

28
Q

Macrolides are administered…

A

orally (or IV)

29
Q

e.g. of ketolides?

A

Telithromycin

30
Q

Ketolides are just more potent….

A

macrolides (designed to overcome resistance)

31
Q

Macro/ketolides bind to….

mode of action….

A

50S subunit

Reduce translocation and release of tRNA

32
Q

Are Macro/ketolides well distributed?

A

yes (not CSF)

33
Q

Macro/ketolides are …………… liable therefore enteric coated?

A

acid-liable

34
Q

Macro/ketolides s/e

A 
GIT (superinfections)
cholestatic jaundice
reversible ototoxicity
allergic reactions
cardiac effects
35
Q

Lincosamides e.g.

A

clindamycin

36
Q

Uses of Lincosamides

A 
IV, IM or orall for
staph bone and joint infections
RTI
peritonitis
septicaemia
37
Q

Lincosamides s/e

A

antibiotic associated diarrhoea

38
Q

Fusidic acid is broad or narrow spec?

A

Narrow, for STAPH infecttions

39
Q

Fusidic acid binds to…

mode of action….

A

EF-G-ribosome complex

reduces translocation of tRNA

40
Q

Uses of fusidic acid…

A

topically for skin and eye infections

orally and IV for osteomyelitis and endocarditis

41
Q

Chloramphenicol is broad or narrow spec

A

broad

42
Q

Chloramphenicol is used….

A

topically for eye infections

orally or IV for meningitis, typhoid - potentially fatal s/e when iv

43
Q

Chloramphenicol binds to….

mode of action….

A

50s subunit

prevents peptide bond formation

44
Q

Chloramphenicol penetrates what tissues

A

all well, including the brain

45
Q

Chloramphenicol s/e

A 
bone marrow supression
Grey baby syndrome
GIT
peripheral and optic neuritis
aplastic aneamia
46
Q

Chloramphenicol is not suitable under what age

A

4 years

47
Q

aplastic anemia is….

A

bone marrow stem cells die. Normal haemopoietic cells absent and space filled with adipose tissue.

Infect & Immune 1 JAL & MW (12 decks)

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