J Line - Building Science

Question 1

what are considered live loads?

Answer 1

described as static, repetitive, or dynamic. Live loads can be human-caused or they can be environmental

Question 2

what are some examples of live loads?

Answer 2

snow, wind, rain, people,

Question 3

what is considered a static load?

Answer 3

an external force that is applied and healed for a period of time. (furniture)

Question 4

why is furniture considered a live load even tho it can’t move

Answer 4

furniture can still be moved or placed somewhere else

Question 5

what is considered a repetitive load?

Answer 5

a repetitive force on the structure (cars on a bridge are a repetitive load)

Question 6

what is a dynamic load?

Answer 6

a load that can change over time (cars on a bridge stopping and starting)

Question 7

what loads can wind produce?

Answer 7

static and dynamic

Question 8

what load is a tornado or hurricane?

Answer 8

dynamic load

Question 9

what load is produced by Rain and snow?

Answer 9

Static Loads

Question 10

what is considered a dead load?

Answer 10

all building materials, a constant gravitational load

Question 11

what are the four types of stresses acting on a structure?

Answer 11

Compression, tension, torsion and shear

Question 12

what is compression?

Answer 12

the force acting to squash an object

Question 13

what is tension?

Answer 13

the force of pulling an object apart its length

Question 14

what is torsion?

Answer 14

when the object is twisted

Question 15

what is shear stress?

Answer 15

when loaded components try to slide together or apart

Question 16

where is the shear point on a load bearing beam?

Answer 16

the inside of the wall point where the beam meets the corner of the top plate or beam pocket. (Vertical Shear)

Question 17

what if a beam has both horizontal and vertical loads?

Answer 17

the beam can experience diagonal shear stress

Question 18

what is the force in the middle of a beam?

Answer 18

the neutral zone, compression on top and tension on the bottom

Question 19

what does it mean for a member to have good tensile strength?

Answer 19

won’t break under tension stress

Question 20

what has more resistance to lateral loads? veneer sheathing or lumber sheathing?

Answer 20

veneer sheathing

Question 21

what direction does lumber sheathing get installed?

Answer 21

diagonally

Question 22

why is it good to place blocking immediately in the perimeter of the boxing joists?

Answer 22

it provides less stress on nails and more area for load bearing walls on top

Question 23

how can you reduce rotational loads on a floor?

Answer 23

by decreasing the on meter spacing of bridging or blocking from the max 7 feet

Question 24

how can the compressive and tensile forces at the corners a building be further supported?

Answer 24

By running the sheathing past the end of the stud of the intersecting wall

Question 25

what percent is reduced of wall strength if sheathing nails are overdriven?

Answer 25

40-50%

Question 26

what does the building envelope protect from?

Answer 26

rain, wind, groundwater, soil gases from entering the building

Question 27

what is frost jacking?

Answer 27

caused by the expansion of water when it freezes

Question 28

what is the best method of preventing frost jacking?

Answer 28

extending the foundation below the frost level

Question 29

when is hydrostatic forces occur?

Answer 29

when the depth of the excavation is below the water table

Question 30

what are two ways hydrostatic pressure is controlled?

Answer 30

with proper waterproofing and proper drainage

Question 31

what are 2 systems of waterproofing?

Answer 31

self-adhering membrane and superset dimpled membrane

Question 32

what is conduction?

Answer 32

heat energy transferred through solid

Question 33

what is convection?

Answer 33

heat transferred through a liquid or air

Question 34

what is a convection current?

Answer 34

when hot air rises it will pull cold air from out side in

Question 35

what is radiation?

Answer 35

when heat is transferred from a source to an object without heating the space in-between

Question 36

what is relative humidity?

Answer 36

the amount of moisture heals in the air

Question 37

what air can hold more moisture?

Answer 37

warm air

Question 38

what is the Due point?

Answer 38

the air temperature when condensation has occurred. (Fog) 100% humidity

Question 39

where is the vapour barrier in a wall?

Answer 39

on the warm side between drywall and framing

Question 40

what are the saturation levels?

Answer 40

indoor air quality

Question 41

where is the air barrier?

Answer 41

same as vapour barrier in a wall (polly)