ISSUES & DEBATES ( GENDER BIAS)

Question 1

Outline Gender Bias

Answer 1

The differential treatment or representation of men and women based on stereotypes rather than real differences

Question 2

Explain the difference between the Beta and Alpha bias

Answer 2

Beta bias - draws attention away from the difference in power bet men and women

Alpha bias - focuses on difference bet genders leads to the implication of similarity. Can sustain prejudices and stereotypes

Question 3

Outline androcentrism

Answer 3

Refers to theories which are centred on , or focused on males. For example Asch’s study on conformity was an entirely male sample, assuming all findings are similar for both males and females.

This can affect psychological research as it provides a potentially misleading or inaccurate representation of how females will respond in a situation

Question 4

How can gender bias in research processes be avoided

Answer 4

Construct of methods to promote universality ( the aim to develop theories that apply to all people , which may include real differences)

Having female psychologists when studying gender bias in real life settings , can reflect on their own gender related experiences.

Researchers embrace the gender bias in research and use them as crucial aspects of the research process

Question 5

Evaluate this

Answer 5

LIMITATION : Bias in research methods

Studies are gender biased because the methods are biased. Male experimenters are more pleasant , friendly and encouraging to female ppts than male ppts therefore males tend to perform less. These criticisms are serious issues with the way data is collected , creating a false picture of male-female differences.

REVERSE ALPHA BIAS
One strategy to counter gender bias is to develop theories which show the differences bet men and women but that emphasise the value of women.

AVOIDING A BETA BIAS
Equal treatment for men and women has given women greater opportunities , but this may be a disadvantage. Arguing for equality bet men and women draws attention away from women’s special needs and differences in power. This suggests that we should avoid beta bias in order to ensure that significant differences are taken account of.