Issues and debates - gender and cultural bias

Question 1

Define universality

Answer 1

Refers to when research assumes findings can be applied to both genders / cultures equally

Question 2

Define gender bias

Answer 2

Bias being made towards one gender then having behaviour applied to both genders

Question 3

What is the main cause of gender bias

Answer 3

A sample of one gender in a study, then applying findings to everyone

Question 4

What are the 3 types of gender bias

Answer 4

Androcentrism, alpha/beta bias

Question 5

What is androcentrism

Answer 5

Theories focused on males only but applied to both genders

Question 6

What is an example of an androcentric study in psychology

Answer 6

Freud’s psychodynamic theory, Milgram, Asch, Zimbardo

Question 7

What is alpha bias

Answer 7

Differences between genders being exaggerated

Question 8

What is an example of alpha bias being used in psychology

Answer 8

Evolutionary explanations for relationships

Question 9

What is beta bias

Answer 9

Where differences between men and women are minimised often through androcentrism

Question 10

What is an example of beta bias in psychology

Answer 10

Biological research into the fight of flight response - Taylor