Issue 2 Deluxe Flashcards
What is imperialism?
Empire-building and a projection of power. Imperialism is the policy or practice by which a nation extends its power and influence over other territories or countries, often through colonization, economic dominance, or military force.
What is a colony?
A colony is a territory or region (a settlement) that is claimed, occupied, and governed by a foreign power. Forcing language and culture. For the country’s use. Leads to cultural, economic, and political dominance over the indigenous populations.
Colonialism is a form of imperialism.
What is a sphere of influence?
A region or country where a specific foreign nation has exclusive rights to trade, investment, or other economic activities, typically secured through diplomatic agreements rather than direct political or military control.
Ex: Banana Republics
What is a protectorate?
A country or territory that retains its sovereignty but is controlled or overseen by a stronger foreign power, which is responsible for its defence and often its foreign relations. This control can be exerted through a variety of means, including treaties,
What is a mother country?
In history, the term “mother country” refers to the homeland or country of origin of a colony, and it signifies the source of political, economic, and cultural control over that colony during the colonial period. This concept was particularly relevant during the era of European colonialism when European powers established colonies in various parts of the world.
The monarch country/the main country.
What is assimilation?
Assimilation is the process through which individuals or groups adopt the customs and norms of another culture, often resulting in integration into the dominant culture. It can involve the voluntary or enforced adoption of language, values, and practices, potentially leading to cultural convergence.
Cultures absorbed.
What is Eurocentrism?
Eurocentrism is a worldview or perspective that places Europe and European culture at the center of historical, cultural, and global significance while often downplaying or marginalizing the contributions and perspectives of other regions and cultures around the world. It has been criticized for its ethnocentric bias and for not fully acknowledging the diversity and complexity of human history and civilization beyond Europe.
What is paternalism?
Paternalism is a practice or attitude in which a person or authority figure assumes a position of authority and control over others, making decisions on their behalf for their supposed benefit, often without their full consent or input. It can be seen as a form of benevolent or authoritarian interference in the lives of individuals or groups, and it has been a subject of ethical and philosophical debate regarding issues of autonomy and paternalistic responsibility.
Essentially, a policy of imperialism.
What is acculturation?
Acculturation is the process through which individuals or groups from one culture come into contact with and adopt elements of another culture, leading to changes in their cultural patterns. It often involves the exchange of ideas, customs, and practices between different cultures and can result in varying degrees of cultural blending or adaptation.
Assimilation to often the dominant one.
What is integration?
Cultural integration is the process by which different cultural groups or elements come together and interact, leading to the blending or incorporation of aspects of one culture into another. This can result in a shared and harmonious coexistence of diverse cultural practices, values, and norms within a society or community, often contributing to cultural enrichment and diversity.
When people from a culture adopt the essence of another culture while maintaining their own culture.
What is accommodation?
Cultural accommodation refers to the process of adapting or making adjustments to accommodate the cultural practices, beliefs, and preferences of individuals or groups from different cultural backgrounds. It involves showing respect and consideration for cultural diversity by modifying or accommodating policies, practices, or behaviours to ensure that everyone can participate and feel comfortable within a multicultural context.
When one culture integrates into another without losing its identity. Ex: allowing hijab for Muslim FIFA
What is marginalization?
Marginalization refers to the social, economic, or political process through which individuals or groups are pushed to the fringes or periphery of society, often resulting in their exclusion, disadvantage, or limited access to resources, opportunities, and decision-making power. This can be due to various factors such as discrimination, prejudice, economic disparities, or unequal power dynamics, and it can have profound and negative effects on the well-being and opportunities of marginalized individuals or communities.
The treatment of a person, group, or concept as insignificant. Social exclusion.
What is cultural revitalization?
Cultural revitalization is the deliberate and often organized effort to revive, preserve, or strengthen a particular culture, its traditions, customs, language, and practices, especially when they have been endangered, eroded, or marginalized over time. This process aims to reinvigorate and ensure the continuity of a culture, often involving activities like language preservation, traditional art and music revival, cultural education, and the promotion of cultural heritage to foster a sense of identity and pride within a community or group.
The process through which unique cultures regain a sense of identity, such as through promoting heritage, and languages or reviving traditions and customs. Ex: what Metis do. Ex 2: that one FN dancer on TikTok
What is direct control?
A form of imperial dominance where the governing foreign power has complete administrative and political control over the colony, often replacing local governance structures and institutions with its own.
What is a legacy?
The term “legacy” refers to the lasting impact, influence, or outcomes that historical events, processes, or interactions have left on societies, cultures, economies, or political systems.
These legacies can be both positive and negative and can influence contemporary attitudes, structures, and interactions. For instance, colonialism’s legacy in many parts of the world includes both infrastructural development and cultural exchange, as well as issues like exploitation, cultural erosion, and socio-economic disparities. In this context, “legacy” is about understanding the enduring effects of past global interactions on the present and future.
What are reparations?
Reparations refer to compensation given to individuals, groups, or nations for past injustices or harms inflicted upon them. This compensation can take various forms, including monetary payments, land restitution, or formal apologies. The concept is often discussed in the context of historical wrongs, such as slavery or war crimes.
What is mercantilism?
Mercantilism is an economic theory prevalent from the 16th to the 18th centuries that emphasizes a positive balance of trade and the accumulation of wealth, primarily gold and silver, by a nation. It is characterized by the belief that colonies exist primarily to benefit the mother country, leading to policies restricting colonies’ trade and manufacturing capabilities.
Monopolies were granted in colonies. Exported products put local goods out of business. It was developed into capitalism.
What is colonization?
Colonization refers to the act of establishing control over a foreign territory or population, often by migration or conquest. This process usually involves the dominant power exploiting the resources of the colonized region, and it can lead to significant cultural, economic, and political changes for both the colonizers and the colonized.
What are sepoys?
Sepoys were Indian soldiers who served in the armies of the British East India Company and, later, the British Crown during the colonial period. Their role became particularly significant in the context of the Sepoy Mutiny (or the Indian Rebellion) of 1857, where a large number of Sepoys rebelled against British rule.
What is chattel slavery?
Chattel slavery is a system in which individuals are treated as personal property or chattel and can be bought, sold, or inherited. Unlike other forms of servitude, those in chattel slavery are enslaved for life, and their enslaved status extends to their descendants. It was particularly prevalent in the Americas, with Africans being forcibly transported and subjected to this system.
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade, from Dutch East India Company, King Leopard, French East India Company, and the British East India Company
What was the old motive for imperialism?
Traditional motives for imperialism often revolved around the desire for territorial expansion, acquiring valuable resources, and spreading religious or cultural beliefs.
God, glory, gold
