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Social 10-1 > Issue 1 > Flashcards

Issue 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Identity?

A

A collective set of characteristics that shape and define a person ex: beliefs/values, ethnicity/heritage, religion, political beliefs

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2
Q

What is collective identity?

A

(a group’s identity): Identity in a group. People may be born into this. May contain unwritten rules, and a sense of belonging. Deep seeded values. ex: Age Groups

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3
Q

What is capital?

A

(assets) anything that helps you make money

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4
Q

What is historical globalization?

A

Historical process as world becomes interconnected (colonization: Indigenous/British)

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5
Q

What is economic globalization?

A

Free trade of goods (capital, goods, crypto). Influence by transportation (shipping containers), communication techonolgies, transnationals/foreign goods, and Internet.

Economic globalization refers to the increasing interdependence of world economies as a result of the growing scale of cross-border trade of commodities and services, flow of international capital and wide and rapid spread of technologies.

Ex: NOT imposing tariffs on foreign products (Canadian dairy). Protect CA farmers (from US) or cheaper price?
Ex 2: North American Free Trade Agreement
Ex 3: Moving labour to China cause it is cheaper
Ex 4: Containerization

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6
Q

What is political globalization?

A

New international governments and organizations working together to solve challenges in the world

The process by which political decisions and actions are becoming increasingly international.

“The world’s people share a common fate.”

Politically, Canada is not isolated from the rest of the world. We have an active membership in the
United Nations (UN), NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), and NORAD (North American Aerospace Defense Command).

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7
Q

What is social globalization?

A

Increased connectivity among people and societies due to advances in technology, transportation and communications. Change in SOCIETIES and interdependence. Driven by technology. Ex: Cree TikTok guy

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8
Q

What is globalization as a whole?

A

Globalization is the process by which the world is becoming increasingly interconnected as a result of massively increased trade and cultural exchange. Globalization is the creation of a world in which human actions in any region can profoundly influence human lives in all other regions, and humans depend on each other.

Driven by trade, transportation, and the Internet (esp. post-WWII). Very fast transfer of ideas (accelerated interdependence: transnational and revolutions in communication technologies.
You might be wearing Chinese cotton or Colton from DRC.

This may help but also promotes economic desparity.

Main three are political, social, and economic.

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9
Q

What are some questions regarding if globalization is good or bad?

A

Should we just let ideas spread and let the weaker die? Should we protect small businesses from transnationals? Should we outsource/free trade for cheaper labour—compare it to USD? How to protect traditional tribes (Lubicon Cree/oil)

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10
Q

What is cultural imperialism?

A

The imposition by one usually politically or economically dominant community of various aspects of its own culture onto another nondominant community

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11
Q

What is cultural homogenization?

A

The process through which different cultures become similar to each other. Often due to the spread of cultural traits.

Can lead to a unified culture, but also can lead to a loss of distinctiveness (monoculture).

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12
Q

What is acculturation?

A

Acculturation is a process in which an individual adopts, acquires and adjusts to a new cultural environment as a result of being placed into a new culture

Neutral connotation.

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13
Q

What is cultural accommodation?

A

Cultural accommodation is when one culture integrates into another without losing its identity. Ex: allowing hijab for Muslim FIFA

“making space” “accepting differences”
“respecting/honoring values of others”
UNESCO

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14
Q

What is cultural revitalization?

A

The process through which unique cultures regain a sense of identity, such as through promoting heritage, languages or reviving traditions and customs. Ex: what Metis do. Ex 2: that one FN dancer on TikTok

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15
Q

What is cultural integration?

A

Cultural Integration is defined as when people from a culture adopt the essence of another culture, while maintaining their own culture.

Balanced change.

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16
Q

What is cultural hybridation?

A

The process by which a cultural element blends into another culture by modifying the element to fit cultural norms. Ex: Canada’s cultural (also geographic, but not part of the question) diversity. Ex 2: Combing elements of the US and x country’s culture in the production of Sesame Street in that x country.

New, mixed, culture.

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17
Q

What is cultural diversification?

A

Cultural diversity is the quality of diverse or different cultures, as opposed to monoculture.

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18
Q

What is marginalization?

A

The treatment of a person, group, or concept as insignificant. Social exclusion.

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19
Q

What is the universalization of popular culture?

A

The process of a large number of people experiencing the same culture. It is because they are by media transnationals?

Of Western culture.

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20
Q

What is a media transnational?

A

A mass media corporation producing media in 2+ countries. Operating across national boundaries.

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21
Q

What is a transnational?

A

A company operating across national boundaries?

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22
Q

What is media consolidation/convergence?

A

1990s: media companies all doing more services. TELUS used to only be cell phone, now also Internet.

The use of electronic technology to integrate media such as newspapers, books, TV, and the Internet

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23
Q

What is media concentration?

A

The concentration of media power in the hands of a few corporations (on Internet)

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24
Q

What is the CBC/SRC

A

A Canadian crown-corporation broadcasting service.

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25
Q

What is CanCon?

A

Canadian Content on Media

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26
Q

What is the CRTC?

A

Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission. A government rule-making body that regulates what transnational can put on TV.

Enforces cultural content laws. (<— remember this)

27
Q

What is the Canadian Film Board?

A

Taxpayer-funded artists.

28
Q

Give a min. of 3 answers on why identity is important.

A

1) Meakes meaningful relationships with people 2) Unique 3) Shapes who we are 4) Belonging 5) Collectivism (group > individual) 6) Can influence more than just you; surroundings, too 7) Helps us understand ourselves and relate to others 8) Strong social connections 9) Show’s what’s important to us 10) Influences how we see the world 11) Encouragement 12) Strength in numbers; help make decisions 13) Brings us together 14) Help others 15) A voice 16) First-imperssions

29
Q

What are some ways we express identity?

A
  • traditions - food - music - leisure - language - tattoos
30
Q

What are some “forces” (<— remember this word) related to cultural globalization?

A

Internet and contact. As new ones come others may be lost.

31
Q

How does a lack of connection with identity affect a person or even a society?

A

1) Like losing your culture 2) Isolation 3) Less self-confidence 4) Almost one person with your collective

32
Q

Benefits of phones and social media?

A
  • new opportunity for diversity - promote diverse culture on the world platform - quick communications - access to information - sharing of different ideas and opinions
33
Q

Drawbacks of phones and social media?

A
  • poses challenges in keeping diverse cultures vital - less diversity - so much power from American creators - less privacy - misinformation
34
Q

Benefits of transnationals?

A
  • Large resources; new media - Many enjoy - Express voices of diverse cultures thru. their power
35
Q

Drawbacks of transnationals?

A
  • Japan -> hybridized -> now seeking for economic purposes? - Everyone is getting homogenized - Spread of pop culture aggressively - USA products imperialize cultural/smaller (materialism) - Consumer > Learning about cultures - Too much influence on world culture; who’s views will be represented if it’s only a few? - Smaller can’t financially compete - Most don’t use power to express views of diverse cultures
  • Marginalization of diverse cultuers.
  • Monooculture
36
Q

How can globalization be a force that enhances and builds a connection to cultural identity?

A

Can encourage cultural exchange, sharing traditions between cultures. The Internet also makes it easier to connect with others to share culture (like Haudenosaunee Tattoo guy).
- Info travels faster
- Having a connection brings cultures together

37
Q

How can globalization be a force that diminishes or destroys cultural identity?

A

As new ideas come in, others are overlooked and forgotten. Colonization/assimilation. Dominant ones kill smaller ones thru. media.

38
Q

How can connection to culture lead to empowerment?

A

Tribe clan chooses to revitalize culture and is now important because of what he’s done. Ex: Wearing the tattoos to display and be reminded of culture.
Able to express and revive old traditions. Post-kings have tattoos. A reminder of life-long responsibilities. Earn the tattoos.
- Finding your identity to help others
- Expanding to others
- Resilience in this world = strong culture

39
Q

What is protectionism?

A

Protect small media organizations from transnationals

40
Q

Negative effects of the universalization of popular culture?

A
  • Companies such as Nike and Disney have been universalized
  • Everyone is being homogenized
  • Some countries, adapt to the world for economic purposes
  • US products/culture imperialization world (thru smaller ones) (materialistic)
  • Brands spread pop culture aggressively
  • Consumerism over cultural learning
  • Transnationals —> loss of culture for the Indigenous
41
Q

What is pop culture?

A

Popular culture: the current cultural trends that are spread by commercial mass media. Most people equate it with American culture. Most likely due to Hollywood. Ex: Sesame Street is in Shanghai.

42
Q

What is cultural globalization?

A

The transmission of ideas, meanings and values around the world in such a way as to extend and intensify social relations

43
Q

What is colonialism?

A

A system where a nation or people from one country extend their rule over another country or people. Tied to cultural imperialism.

44
Q

What is neo-colonialism?

A

A system where a former colony remains in an unequal economic relationship with the former ruling power. Ex: Morocco doesn’t want France.
Tied to cultural imperialism.

45
Q

What is cultural appropriation?

A

Act of taking using elements from one cultures by members of another culture without understanding or respecting the original culture. Ex: dressing Indigenous regalia when you’re not Indigenous

46
Q

What is cultural sensitivity?

A

A heightened awareness and understanding of the values and beliefs of different cultures. This can be seen in how people interact with those of a different cultures and how one speaks about that culture.

47
Q

What is a tariff?

A

A trade tax on another country.

48
Q

What is the relationship between economic globalizaton/liberalization and protectionism?

A

Liberalization is defined as the removal or loosening of restrictions on something, typically an economic or political system.

Protectioism would be putting trade tax on foreign products, such as protecting Canadian milk, which may run Canadian dairy farmers out of business.

They are opposites.

49
Q

What is NAFTA?

A

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), controversial trade pact signed in 1992 that gradually eliminated most tariffs and other trade barriers on products and services passing between the United States, Canada, and Mexico.

50
Q

How do international trade agreements help?

A

Similar to other Intl’ trade (we were talking about NAFTA) agreements by the WTO, reducing customs procesdures and tariffs, benefitting private imdustries.

No tax agreements lets transnationals to outsource their labour into these developing companies.

51
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The spread of ideas across the globe from high-concentration to lower-concentration.

52
Q

Why do people earn less in developing countries?

A
  • Less regulations
  • Overall less GDP per capita
  • Tax free incentives
53
Q

What does economies of scale mean?

A

Producing a product in large quantities (bulk buying), the lower the cost of producing your pdocut is.

54
Q

What is the cheapest fruit in Canada?

A

Bananas, which are grown on huge plantations owned by transnationals (Dole, Chiquita, Del Monte). Control the production in Central and South America.

Example of economies of scale.

55
Q

What is vertical integration?

A

The business arrangement in which a company controls different stages along the supply chain. (controlling transportation, producing, etc)

56
Q

Problems with growing bananas.

A
  • Low wages Ecuadorian banana workers; explotations by TNCs
  • Materialism (profit gains)
  • Exploitation of envionment
  • Pesticides grow bananas at a supply that is greater than the demand
  • Knocks countries such as Jamaica and St. Lucia out of the market becuse they can’t compete with these transnationals (smaller farms, needs higher prices to survive).

However it increases GDP.

57
Q

What is the Banana Wars?

A

Began when European governemnts started giving preferential treatment (no tariffs) on bananas coming in from former colonies.

Transnationals thought this was unfair.

58
Q

Give an example of where economic and political globalization intersect.

A

The Banana Wars went to the WTO (judge/jury). A body of representatives that govern how countries trade.

59
Q

Why are they called “banana republics?”

A

Countries such as Dole produce so much bananas and money for the countries (like Ecuador) that they have power and control over the governments and whose in power.

60
Q

Define agribusiness.

A

Agriculture conducted on commercial principles, especially using advanced technology.

61
Q

What is the result of a growth in GDP?

A
  • Cheaper price of goods
  • Higher quality of life
  • More jobs
  • Increased profits
62
Q

Challenges of economic globalization?

A
  • Inequalities in wealth across the world
  • Loss of traditional jobs and industries
  • Envrionmental explotation for economic gain
63
Q

What are cultural content laws?

A

Cultural content legislation is laws stating that a certain amount of content presented in media must be of a specific culture.

64
Q

What is the agent and driving force behind globalization?

A

Agent: TNCs
Force: Revolution in information and communication technologies

Social 10-1 (6 decks)

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