Isomers

Question 1

Structural Isomers

Answer 1

Do not have the same connectivity

Question 2

Stereoisomers

Answer 2

Have the same connectivity

Question 3

Conformational Isomers

Answer 3

Do not require a bond to be broken to convert, differ around a single sigma bond

Question 4

Configurational Isomers

Answer 4

Require a bond to be broken to convert

Question 5

Enantiomers

Answer 5

Non superimposable mirror images of each other, have opposite stereochemistry at every chiral carbon

Question 6

Diastereomers

Answer 6

Different configurations around an immovable bond, differ at some but not all chiral carbons

Question 7

Cis-Trans Isomers

Answer 7

Cis: Highest substituents on the same side of the double bond (Z formation)
Trans: Highest substituents on the opposite sides of the double bond (E formation)

Question 8

5 Conformations of cyclic hydrocarbons

Answer 8

puckered
envelope
chair
boat
twist boat

Question 9

Newman Projections

Answer 9

Staggered: 60 degrees between groups
Anti: largest groups are 180 degrees
Gauche: largest groups are 60 degrees apart
Eclipsed: groups directly in front of each other
Totally Eclipsed: largest groups in front of each other

Question 10

Cyclic Strain

Answer 10

Comes From:
angle strain
torsional strain
nonbonded strain (reactions from substituents on nonadjacent carbons

Question 11

R and S Configurations

Answer 11

With the lowest priority group at the back the priority of groups is numbered 1-3.
If circle is CW: (R)
If circle is CCW: (S)