Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Question 1

Reactivity of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives (descending)

Answer 1

acyl halides
anhydrides
carboxylic acids and esters
amides

Question 2

Interconversion Between Carboxylic Acid Derivatives can occur via

Answer 2

nucleophilic acyl substitution (swapping leaving groups)

Question 3

To interconvert down the order of reactivity

Answer 3

it will occur spontaneously

Question 4

To interconvert up the order of reactivity

Answer 4

it requires a catalyst as it is not spontaneous

Question 5

Amide formation from an anhydride

Answer 5

dehydration of two carboxylic acids and Substitution of NH3 onto the carboxylic acid to give it an amide group (NH2)

Question 6

Amide formation from an ester

Answer 6

Substitution of an NH3 group at the oxo group to displace an alcohol and give the amide formation (NH2)

Question 7

Amine Hydrolysis

Answer 7

removal of amine group and switch back to carboxylic acid

Question 8

Transesterification

Answer 8

synthesis of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid to make an ester

Question 9

Hydrolysis of an Ester

Answer 9

back to a carboxylic acid and a hydronium ion

Question 10

Reduction of an Ester

Answer 10

to two acids