Isomerism

Question 1

What is an isomer?

Answer 1

A molecule with the same molecular structure and a different structure.

Question 2

What is structural isomerism?

Answer 2

Have the same molecular formula but different structural formula.

Question 3

What the types of structural isomerism?

Answer 3

-positional isomerism
-Chain isomerism
-Functional group isomerism.

Question 4

What is positional isomerism?

Answer 4

Have the same molecular formula but the functional group is attached to the chain at different points.

Question 5

What is functional group isomers?

Answer 5

Have the same molecular formula but different functional groups.

Question 6

What are some examples of functional group isomers?

Answer 6

-Aldehydes and ketones (propanal and propanone).
-Alkenes and cycloalkanes (propene and cyclopropane).

Question 7

What is chain isomerism?

Answer 7

Have the same molecular formula but the hydrogen carbon chain is arranged differently.

Question 8

What is an example of chain isomerism?

Answer 8

-butane and methylpropane.

Question 9

What is an example of a structural isomer is propan-1-ol?

Answer 9

Propan-2-ol

Question 10

What is a stereoisomer?

Answer 10

Molecules with the same structural formula but bonded together in different orders.

Question 11

What is a geometric isomer?

Answer 11

Molecules that have the same structural formula but a different arrangement around a non-rotational double bond.

Question 12

What are the Chan-Ingold-Prelog priority rules?

Answer 12

-Split the double bond vertically in half.
-Look at the left hand side and apply priority to the group with the highest total atomic number and repeat on the right side.
-Then compare both sides.
-If the highest priority groups are on the same side its a Z isomer and if they are on the oppisite sides it is an E isomer.