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ANPH 500 - Pharmacology - McCarver > Isoflurane > Flashcards

Isoflurane Flashcards

0
Q

The constant for the Meyer-Overton equation is __ atmospheres

A

1.8

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1
Q

The lower the MAC necessary for anesthesia, the __ the potency and the __ the oil:gas partition coefficient.

A

Greater potency

Higher oil:gas partition coefficient

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2
Q

The oil:gas partition coefficient for Iso is __

A

97

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3
Q

Again, the higher the Oil-gas partition coefficient, the __ the lipid solubility AND potency

A

Greater

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4
Q

Iso causes immobility to painful stimuli by enhancing __ ion channels and reducing spinal neuron action potentials via __ and ___ receptor mediation.

A

K+ channels

Glycine and GABAa receptor mediation

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5
Q

The effects of general anesthetics are very __ , many different receptors in both brain and spinal cord

A

Diffuse

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6
Q

Receptors involved in the spinal cord include __, 5-hydroxytriptamine, __, NMDA, __, and AMPA

A

Glycine, 5-hydroxytriptamine, Na+, NMDA, K+, and AMPA

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7
Q

Receptors involved in the brain include Kainate, ___, ___, alpha-2, 5ht3, ___

A

Kainate, GABA, OPIOID, alpha-2, 5ht3, ACETYLCHOLINE

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8
Q

CFC’s are colorless, odorless, nonflammable, noncorrosive gases or liquids. CFC stands for __

A

Chlorine
Fluorine
Carbon

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9
Q

If iso were entirely fluorinated it would be a non-___

A

Immobilizer

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10
Q

Racemic mixtures are __/__ mixes of stereoisomers

A

50/50

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11
Q

What is the BLOOD-gas partition coefficient of iso?

A

1.46

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12
Q

What is the vapor pressure of iso?

A

238

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13
Q

Is iso stable in moist soda lime and available generically?

Is it ok to use with a closed circuit?

A

YES
Yes

Stable in soda lime means it doesn’t make any bad compounds.

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14
Q

Does iso need a preservative? Does it produce compound A or carbon monoxide?

A

No
No
No

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15
Q

What is the metabolism rate of iso?

A

0.2%

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16
Q

Iso is the only molecule with the __ atom

A

Chlorine

17
Q

Sevo is the molecule with ___ fluorines

A

Seven

18
Q

Des is the molecule with NO chlorines and __ fluorines

A

Six

19
Q

Does iso produce skeletal muscle relaxation?

A

Yes

20
Q

MAC is completely ___ of the length of the anesthetic

A

Independent

Length of anesthesia DOES NOT increase or decrease MAC requirements.

21
Q

What is the MAC for iso for age 36-49?

A

1.2

22
Q

Dose of iso needed to produce apnea is around __ mac

A

2

23
Q

Iso causes airway irritation around __ mac

A

1

24
Q

Can you use an LMA with iso?

A

Yes

25
Q

How much iso MAC for a deep extubation?

A

0.85 MAC

26
Q

Iso causes peripheral vaso___ and __ body temps.

A

Vasodilation

Decreases body temps

27
Q

Does iso alter the hypoxia pulmonary vasoconstriction? HPV

A

Yes

28
Q

Does iso predispose arrhythmias or protect against them?

Would your electrophysiologist want you to use iso?

A

Protects against them, anti arrhythmic

You EP would NOT want you to use iso because of that

29
Q

Iso abolishes baroreflexes around __ mac

A

1

30
Q

Iso cause circulatory collapse around __ mac

A

3

31
Q

Is iso implicated in “coronary steal”

A

No

32
Q

Will iso adversely affect renal or hepatic perfusion?

A

No

33
Q

Will iso raise your ICP?

A

Yes

34
Q

Can iso prolong the effects of muscle relaxants and thus allow a lower dose of vec to be used?

A

Yes

35
Q

Can iso trigger MH?

A

Yes

36
Q

What is uncoupling?

A

When iso decreases cerebral metabolic requirements but increases cerebral blood flow

37
Q

Can iso cause neuro degeneration in kids?

A

Yes

38
Q

Does iso contribute to post op cognitive dysfunction and accelerate Alzheimer’s?

A

Yes

39
Q

Iso only undergoes 0.2% metabolism. What pathway is used and what are the outcomes?

A 
Cytochrome p450
Trifluoroacetic acid
Free fluoride
Co2
Water
40
Q

Can iso cause hepatitis? What is the mediator?

A

Yes

Chlorine > Trifluoroacetic acid

41
Q

How much does iso cost compared to sevo and des?

A

1/5 or 20% of the cost of sevo and des

ANPH 500 - Pharmacology - McCarver (11 decks)

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