Island Biogeography Flashcards
what is seen when we compare the z slope of mainland vs islands?
z slope is steeper in islands, slope gets steeper with increasing area
what is seen when looking at ant species in new guinea?
- same pattern of z slope, is steeper on islands
- small islands only have 10-20% of species with same area that mainlands have
smaller islands have ____ fewer species than the mainland
disproportionally
z slope is steeper for ______ than for ______
oceanic islands, areas of mainland
ecological disharmony
non-representative proportions of some species
island species have unusual forms due to lack of _____
predators
predators are usually absent on small islands due to higher extinction rate from….
small population size
ecological disharmony means that small islands have mostly species with _____ and lack _____
good dispersal, predators
extinction increases on small ____ and/or small ____
islands, population size
extinction on small islands leads to ____
species turnover
s hat represents the _____ in Macarthur and wilsons equilibrium model
equilibrium point
MacArthur and Wilson’s equilibrium model of island biogeography, success ____ as colonization _____, because available niches become filled. this leads to less _______ colonization
decreases, increases, successful
3 reasons small islands experience high extinction
small population size, resource depletion, inbreeding
essential feature of equilibrium theory 1:
number of species moves towards an equilibrium between extinction and colonization as a function of island area and distance
essential feature of equilibrium theory 2:
at equilibrium actual species composition is in continuous state of change as some species go extinct and new species colonize (high turnover of species as equilibrium is reached)
