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R.S > Islam- core beliefs > Flashcards

Islam- core beliefs Flashcards

1
Q

List the 6 articles of faith- Sunni islam

A
  • tawhid
  • belief about angels
  • belief about books
  • belief about the messengers of Allah
  • Akhirah and day of judgement
  • Al’Qadr (predestination)
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2
Q

List 5 principles of Usul Ad-Din-Shia islam

A
  • tawhid
  • divine justice (Al-Adl)
  • prophethood (Al-Nubuwah)
  • imams (Al-Imamah)
  • day of resurrection (Al-Ma’ad)
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3
Q

Tawhid + beliefs about Allah…

A
  • most important belief (there is one God)
  • he is infinite
  • omnipotent and omniscient
  • merciful and benevolent
  • transcendent + immanent
  • fair and just
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4
Q

Effects of Tawhid on believers…

A
  • give their whole lives to the will of Allah
  • they understand everything they have is from the will of Allah
  • no reason to be boastful
  • content with their lives
  • have nothing to fear as death is set by Allah
  • placing anything above Allah=sin of shirk
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5
Q

What is a prophet?

A
  • a messenger chosen by Allah to teach, guide and train people to follow him
  • they are human and cant be worshipped
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6
Q

What do prophets do?

A

-give guidance on how to follow Allah and live in a way that pleases him

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7
Q

Role + importance of Adam.

A
  • first prophet

- sent out of Al-jannah as he was disobediant

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8
Q

Role + importance of Ibrahim..

A
  • father of the Arab people
  • Muslims honour Ibrahim’s life and commitment to the faith
  • recognised as the father of monotheism
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9
Q

Role + importance of Isma’il.

A
  • son of Ibrahim

- built the Kaaba with Ibrahim

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10
Q

Role + importance of Musa.

A
  • became leader of the Israelites under the guidance of Allah
  • freed the Israelites
  • revealed the Tawrat to Musa and gave him the 10 commandments
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11
Q

Role + importance of Dawud.

A
  • king of israelites=people lived in respect for Allah

- revealed Zabur to Dawud

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12
Q

Role + importance of Isa

A
  • performed many miracles
  • sunni muslims believe that he is the messiah and will return on the day of judgement
  • According to the hadith, Isa will make war until all religions except Islam are destroyed
  • believed he did not die but was taken into Allahs presence
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13
Q

Role + importance of Muhammed

A
  • ‘seal of the prophets’, provided the final revelation of Allah in the for of the Qur’an
  • Qur’an=direct words of Allah
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14
Q

What is the importance of the night of power?

A
  • Muhammed recited the first revealed verses of the Qur’an
  • angel Jibra’il declared Muhammed as the messenger of Allah
  • occured during the last of the 10 nights of Ramadan, Muslims devote themselves to prayer and the reading of the Qur’an
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15
Q

What happened in the night journey?

A
  • an angel woke Muhammed and hus heart was purified from doubt, idolatry and error +he was filled with wisdom
  • he ascended through 7heavens + was shown paradise and hell
  • he spoke with other prophets
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16
Q

What is the importance of the night journey?

A
  • Musa and Muhammed talked about how many times a muslim should pray-they agreed on 5
  • he entered the presence of Allah + was aware of peace, light and blessings
  • some Muslims believe it wasn’t a journey but a spiritual experience
17
Q

What did Muhammed do after the Hijrah?

A
  • ruled the community of Yathrib + viewed Allah as the only king so he lived a simple life + taught self-discipline and obedience to Allah
  • Muhammed gave instructions on pilgrimage, charity, fasting and prayer
18
Q

What was the farewell speech?

A
  • He gave 140,000 Muslims guidance and reminded them to live in peace, respect each others rights and remain true to Qur’an
  • crowd responded with ‘you have fulfilled it, messenger of Allah’
19
Q

What is divine justice for Shia muslims?

A
  • there is a framework of right and wrong
  • Allah is perfect and always acts in a way that is right
  • humans should use their free will to act in a way that is right
  • no such thing as predestination as humans have free will
20
Q

Quotes on Muhammed..

A
  • ‘seal of the prophets’
  • ‘He neither begets nor is begotten’
  • ‘you have in the messenger of Allah a perfect exempler’
  • ‘template of perfection’
21
Q

Jabariyyah school views on predestination

A

-believe all human actions are determined by Allah + that humans have no free will

22
Q

Mu’taraliah beliefs on predestination

A
  • human free will means no predestination
  • believe on the day of judgement, each person will be judged on the actions they did- fate of each person is determined by Allah divine justice
23
Q

Ash’ari beliefs on predestination

A
  • try to find a middle way- arguing that while God created everything, he also could ‘require’ the act and make a choice between the right course of action + wrong one
  • believed that Allah used divine intercession
24
Q

Sunni beliefs on predestination

A
  • baby recieves soul 120 days after conception-angel records everything + it is read out on the day of judgement
  • decisions humans make with their free will will affect rewards and punishments Allah will make- He already knows these decisions
25
Q

Shia beliefs on predestination + quote

A
  • Allah’s always in possession of full + complete knowledge of all things and can change anything he wills
  • ‘there is no compulsion in the religion. The right direction is distinctly clear from error’
26
Q

Sunni views on free will

A
  • God’s will is supreme + he controls everything
  • however, free will is still possible as humans dont know what Allah wants from them=humans find free will in finding out what Allah wants from them
27
Q

Shia beliefs on free will

A
  • Allahs knowledge does not impact human free will

- Allah will judge on the choices humans have made

28
Q

Barzakh…

A

-the ‘inbetween life’ where muslims are questoned by 2 angels + are rewarded or punished

29
Q

Significance of Muhammed

A
  • all previous prophets prepared the way for Muhammed
  • in islamic tradition, Muhammed is the greatest and final prophet
  • provided the final revelation
  • Muslims devote themselves to praying on the night of power
  • has 2 books written on him and is the only one regarded as perfect- ‘template of perfection’
30
Q

Key similarities on sunni + shia beliefs

A
  • both believe in unity of Allah
  • Muhammed in Allahs prophet
  • believe in day of resurrection
31
Q

Key differences on sunni and shia beliefs

A
  • sunni believe that Muhammed alone was given knowledge from Allah
  • shia believe Allah gave knowledge to first imam, Ali and the knowledge had been passed down through each imam
32
Q

Paragraph against Muhammed being unique amongst other prophets in 16 marker

A
  • pbuh said after every prophet
  • He is ‘no more than a messanger’
  • not the only one to have a holy text
  • he forbade others from saying he is better than other prophets
  • was not the first to establish monotheism or the faith
  • did not build the ka’aba
  • Isa was said to be messiah + performed many miracles

R.S (10 decks)

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