Isk Flashcards
Slums
Loving space
Jobs
Salary
1 million people per metre squared
500 people per toilet
Litter Pickers,Recyclers,Street Vendors
1 dollar a day
Lower Middle Class
Loving space
Jobs
Salary
Small apartments 1bhkn 4 people per flat Teacher shop sales people drivers £750 monthly
Upper Middle Class
Loving space
Jobs
Salary
Luxury apartments with security
£320,000 worth per flat
Doctors lawyers long hours
£16,000 annually
Hyper Urbanisation & link to Mumbai
The rapid growth of city areas
3% a year so will double every 23 years, new areas such a as Nabi Mumbai are taken in ?
How has the slum population changed compare proportionately to upper middle class
In 1971 there was 6000 and 11,000,000 in 2011
Slum is proportionately increasing more than upper middle class
Rural Urban Migration definition and why
People move from rural areas to urban areas for better facilities and jobs
Why does Natural Increase play a large role in the growth of Mumbai’s population ?
1.4% growth every year due to natural increase (more births than deaths from Mumbai residents)
One of the challenges facing Mumbai is tax
Very few tax workers so impossible to collect form informal workers
Tax free zones for BT and Amazon so not enough taxes leading to infrastructure collapse
Sustainable development definition and three ways to adhere to it
Improving of the quality of life without compromising the future generations
Recycle and reuse
Energy efficient devices
Public transport or walking
What is vision Mumbai
A top down development scheme funded by the American firm McKinsey and govt, USD 40 billion
Started in 20p3 aimed completion for 2050
Tying to sustainably develop Mumbai
Main aims of vision Mumbai
Demolish the slums so there is 30% morn,and for offices and build shopping centres that will create business for slum dwellers
Improving healthcare and sanitation through 300 extra toilets (public) and the restoration of 325 green spaces that now hold polluted water
Improving transport by improving safety and beautification of roads
Boost economic growth as developers would buy slums for discount price
For vision Mumbai plus social environmental and economic
In 2007,200,000 people were moved from Dharavi social
In 2015 new measures were undertaken to improve air quality environmental
Platform ps have been raised to prevent people from falling into gaps social
Against vision mumbai
Beaches are still unsafe for recreation environmental
Rent costs more than slum dwellers earn economical
Slums are still growing rapidly social
Name of bottom down development for challenges of an urbanising world and description
Look seva sangam is a medical clinic that specifically targets leprosy and now TB. It refuses the isolation of patients and only targets one specific community within Dharavi
Look Seva Sangam health related
75% of people with leprosy are cured
LSS has been employed full time including 3 nurses to do house visits
Assurance of easy treatment and check up on patients
Lok Seva Sangam Education
5 teachers to survey and detect cases of disease
Alls work with wine. To provide menstrual education
Community lok Seva sangam
Talk about disease and personal care
DVDs played in the community group
On,y focuses on the slum communtiy
Explain the causes of different land use
Commercial land use are more likely to exist in accessible areas
If the cost of land is very high then businesses are more likely to exist there
The govt may reserve land for industries near ports far away from residential areas
Urbanisation
The process where an increasing amount of the population live in towns or cities
By 2050 the largest cities will exist in
Asia as there are more developing countries
Characteristics of towns and cities
2500-20,000 peop,e in towns
Over 20,000 in cities
Million city is
At least 1 million people
Mega city is
Over 10 million people
World city is
Major centre for cultural economic and political reasons not dependent on size
Metropolitan
Region consisting of a densely populated urban core
Conurbation is
When several cities merge to form one large continuos urban area
Alpha ++ cities are
London and NYC
London reasons why it is ana Alpha ++
Major time zone advantage for business with Asia & USA
1.34bn annual passengers on the worlds first underground
300 different languages and over 100,000 international students
Brexit could affect trade with EU
NYC reasons it is an Alpha ++
25% of the worlds gold is stored under Wall Street 1 out of every 21 New Yorkers are a millionaire
NYC is the top air passenger gateway to USA
Most linguistically diverse city in the world
Trump presidency may affect trade
Does economic power and political power increase with population size?
Agree- NYC is a mega city and alpha ++,plus other facts for economy and facts about trump
Disagree - London isn’t mega city,parliament & brexit,perfect business time zone,larger number of foreign equities trade and Tokyo is largest but not alpha ++
Kampala, Uganda
Type of migration and def
5 reasons why
Internal Migration (Rural - Urban)
Migration within a geopolitical entity
Better jobs,healthcare,transport,more investment
New York, USA
Type of migration and def
5 reasons why
International migration
When people move to a different geopolitical entity or a minimum length of time
To get better jobs in the knowledge economy
Detroit, USA
Type of migration and def
5 reasons why
Deindustrialisation Closure of industries Bankrupt in 2013 House prices dropped to £1 General Motors a main employee shut down
Differences in migration refer to
Kampala, New York and Detroit
What is the informal economy
The part of the economy that is either taxed or monitored by govt in any way
3 case studies to do with informal economy
Kampala,New Delhi, New York
Kampala information sector facts and formal
50% GDP comes from the informal economy
Pottery,selling spices,washing clothes
Shops,banks,airline,govt
New Delhi information sector facts and formal
Sell spices,street food,clothes
75% work in informal economy which is 50% of GDP of the 39th wealthiest city in the world
Services, manufacturing
New York information sector facts and formal
Most money made in knowledge
economy - banks,law,IT
Construction, cleaners,carers
A city with a large informal economy is likely to be
Undeveloped
In migration def nad effect on rural urban migration and LEDCs
The perceived higher quality of life in urban areas resulting in higher rates of rural urban migration and is in high rate in LEDCs since the 1950s
Reclassification
Many rural areas are now classified as urban areas and so are their dwellers
Sub urbanisation is
The movement do people,employment and facilities away from inner city toward other urban areas
What has lead to sub urbanisation in NYC
First subway line opened in 1901
Metro in 1863
Brooklyn bridge 1869
Cars
Why would someone want to live on Long Island rather than Manhattan
Less crowd
Larger houses + gardens
Easy commute
Between 1950 and 1980 NYC lost 12% of its population. Why?
Due to increasing amounts of residents from various smaller ethnicities, many people moved from the city to suburbs to avoid gang violence and run down areas. This is called white flight. Which is a form of counter urbanisation
Reurbanisation occured in NYC after 1980. Why?
Well paid jobs in knowledge economy increased
Burgess model
Created based on Chicago Illinois, rings of concentric circles each having a specific land use
CBD- central business district,crowded
Inner city -terraced houses run down, need repair
Inner suburbs - semi detached houses,more vehicle acces
Outer Suburbs-detached, New ,expansive
Rural urban fringe is agriclutural use
Mumbai has a large national park with over how many plant species
1000
Mumbai has ? skyscrapers
Has ?oldest in Asia
Is made up of ? Islands
106
Bombay Stock Exchange
7
How/why does Mumbai not follow the burgess model
It was built around the harbour so cbd is not in the centre
Land is too expensive near cbd so many people moved out to suburbs such as Navi Mumbai
Dharavi near port
Examples of air pollution in Dharavi
Pottery fumes
Asbestos causes lung cancer
Examples of waste problems in Dharavi
Lack of sewage disposal leads focus holder a and various diseases
People earn £1 a day from recycling
Built on a rubbish tip
Housing problems in Dharavi
Rats
5 people in 1 room
12ft by 12ft houses
Wooden built houses so easily catch fire
Reasons why Dharavi is a slum of hope
Everything’s gets recycled or usesd. 80% of plastic gets recycles
Local blades improvements such as more toilets
Sense of community especially with long help pottery traditions
Problems faced within Dharavi
Air pollution
Water pollution
Housing
Waste
